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TOEFL words

Term	Definition
contraint	n. something that restricts thought or actions
contamination	n. being less clean by a germ or hazardous substance
deplete	v. to greatly decrease the supply of a resource or material
dispose (of)	v. to throw away; to get rid of; to kill
elementally	adv. in terms of elements; basically
emission	n. sending out from a small space into the general environment; a substance discharged into the air
extinction	n complete disappearance; the end of existence
reservoir (water reservoir)	n. a place where a liquid is collected and stored
shrink	v. to become reduce in size, amount, or value
stable	adj. firm and dependable; showing little change
adjust	We have to a____ our room's temperature for our bodies.
arbitrary	adj.chosen simply by whim or chance, not for any specific reason
exponentially	adv. at a very fast rate
infinitesimal	adj. immeasurably small
maximize	v. to increase or make as great as possible
parallel	adj. being an equal distance apart everywhere
proportion	n. a part in relation to the whole
rate	n the motion or change that happens in a certain time; the cost per unit of a good or service
sequence	v. to organize or arrange in succession
accuracy	They questioned the a______ of the information in the file.
adjacent	adj. next to
compress	v. to press together; flatten by pressure
feasibly	adv. practically; in a way that can work
integrally	adv. in a whole or complete manner
overlap	v. to lie over part of something; to have elements in common
retain	to keep or hold
seep	v. to pass slowly for a long time, as a liquid or gas might
structure	How well does the teacher s_____ the lessons?
circulate	v. to move throughout an area or group; to move along somewhat circular route (newspapers circulate)
corrode	v. to be slowly weekend by chemical reactions
derive	v. to come from, usually through a long, slow process
detect (detection)	The tests are designed to d_____ the cancer early.
expeditiously	quickly and efficiently
implement	v. to make use of; to carry out
innovative	adj. ahead of the times; novel
installation	n. setting something into position for use
maintenance	n. the act of keeping something in good condition
simulation	n. an imitation or representation
combustion	n. the process of burning
component	n. one part of a system or whole
convey	v. to transport from one place to another; to transmit or make known
discretely	adv. separately; distinctly
nucleus	n. a central or essential part around which other parts are gathered; a core
permeate	v. to spread or flow throughout; to pass through or penetrate
rotate	v. to turn around; to take turns in sequence.
solar	adj. of, or relating to, the sun
source	n. the point of origin or creation
trigger	v. to set off or initiate
acquisition	n. the act of taking possession of something
anomaly	n, something unusual
consciously	adv. with awareness of one's actions
degrade	v. to reduce in value of strength
gap	There is a g__ in the road up ahead.
indisputable	adj. beyond doubt; unquestionable
intervene	v. to come between
intuitively	adv. by means of a natural sense about things that are hard to observe
recede	v. to move back or away from
retrieve	v. to bring or get back
agnostic	adj. believing that humans cannot know whether there is a god
animism	n. the belief that natural object, such as trees, have souls
atheist	n. one who does not believe in the existence of a supreme being
be inclined to	v. to favor an opinion or a course of action
contemplate	v. to consider thoughtfully
deify	v. to worship as a god
ecclesiastical	adj. relating to a church
exalt	v. to praise or honor
pious	adj. having or exhibiting religious reverence
sacrifice	v. anything offered to a deity as a religious thanksgiving; giving up something in order to have something more valuable later on
aggravate	v. to make worse, to anger or intensify
decrepit	adj. weakened or worn out because of age, illness, or excessive
disease	n. an unhealthful condition caused by an infection or a long term physical problem
fatally	adv. causing death or disaster
forensics	n. the use of science and technology to investigate facts in criminal cases
persist	v.. to continue to exist; to hold to a purpose, despite any obstacle
prognosis	n. an educated guess of how something will develop, especially a disease
terminal	adj. located at an end; approaching death
vein	n. any of the tubes that form a branching system, especially those that carry blood to the heart
wound	v. to inflict an injury on
anesthesia	n. techniques for deducing for sensation and feeling, especially to control pain.
augment	v. to make bigger or better by adding to
certifiably	adv. in manner that is officially recognized
complication	n. a factor that makes something more difficult or complex
cure	v. to restore to health
implant	v. to set in firmly; to insert in the body surgically
inject	v. to insert a liquid by means of a syringe
obese	adj. excessively overweight
procedure	n. a specific way of performing or doing something
scar	n. a mark on the skin left after a wound has healed; a lasting sign of damage, either mental or physical
astrological	adj. related to the study of the position of stars, the sun, and the planets in the belief that they influence earthly events
divination	n. foretelling the future by finding patterns in physical objects
haunt	v. to continually appear (in the form of a ghost) in same place or to the same person
horror	n. strong fear mixed with disgust
intermediary	n. acting as an agent between people or things
invoke	v. to call on for support
meditate	v. to reflect; to think quietly and deeply for a long time
phantom	n. a dimly visible form, usually thought to be the spirit of a dead person, a sunken ship, etc.
psychic	adj. relating to the supposed ability of the human mind to sense things that cannot be observed.
self-perpetuating	adj. having the power to renew oneself for an indefinite period of time.
amend	v. to change for the better
biased	adj. leaning unfairly in one direction
burden	n. something that is carried; source of stress or worry
counter	v. to act i opposition to; to offer in response
de facto	adj. truly doing a job, even if not officially
discriminate	v. to choose carefully among options
notion	n. a belief; a fanciful impulse
oppress	v. to keep down by force; to weigh heavily on
paradigm	n. a pattern or model; a set of assumptions
prejudiced	adj. causing to judge prematurely and unfairly
curriculum	n. the courses of study offered by an education institution
distinctly	adv. clearly
erudite	adj. highly educated
fortify	v. to strengthen
implicitly	adv. without being stated; unquestioningly
parochial	adj. restricted in outlook; relating to the local parish
rigor	n. strictness; difficult situations that come from following rules strictly
roster	n. a list, especially of names
secular	adj. worldly rather than spiritual; related to religion
suspend	v. to caused to stop for a period; to hand as to allow free movement
allegiance	n. loyalty
artillery	n. large guns that shoot powerful shells; army units that hand such guns
battle	v. to fight against
cease	v. to stop
`hierarchy	n. a system of levels that places people high or low according to their importance
in the trenches	in the middle of the hardest fighting or work
mobilize	v. to put members of a group into motion
rank	v. to put into a many-levels order, depending on importance or achievement
ratio	n. the relationship of one number or amount to another
strategic	adj. related to long-term plans for achieving a goal
annex	v. to make something (usually land) part of another unit
apex	n. the highest point
collapse	v. to fall down, usually because of weakness
conquest	n. a takeover by force or continued effort
devise	v. to find an original way to make an object or plan
invasive	adj. aggressively entering into someone else's territory
prevailing	adj. strongest or most common
resist	v. to refuse to give in to a strong force or desire
severely	adv. harshly; extremely
violation	n. an action that breaks a law or agreement; mistreatment of something that deserves respect
chronologically	adv. in order according to time
coincide	v. happen or exist at the same time
consequence	n. a result, often one much later in time than the cause
core	n. an are or object at the center
deny	v. say that something is not true
diminish	v. make something smaller or weaker; become smaller or weaker
longitude	n. a system of imaginary lines running from north to south along the Earth's surface, where each line is numbered from 0 degrees to 180 degrees west or east
milieu	n. general environment or surroundings
Orwellian	adj. frightening and over controlled by a government that interferes in nearly every aspect of personal life
reconciliation	n. coming back together peacefully after having been enemies
allocate	v. to give out different amounts for different purposes
commodity	n. a thing that can be bought and sold, such as grain, oil, or wood
decline	v. to decrease in power or amount
equity	n. the value of one's share in an investment
inflation	n. a situation in which prices for many items rise quite fast
net	adj. after all costs have subtracted from an amount
per capita	adv. for each person
regulate	v. control according to a set of rules
subsidy	n money given by a government or other organization to support an activity
tangible	adj. obviously real because it can be seen, touched, or otherwise observed
accumulate	v. to build up a large amount of something
affluence	n. wealth and the style of life that goes with it
elite	adj. belong to a special honored group
impoverish	v. to make a person or group poor
luxury	n. extreme comfort, beyond what anyone needs
nobility	n. a group of socially prominent people with special titles given by a king or queen , such as "duke" or countess"
prestige	n. honor and respect for being better than average
privileged	adj. able to enjoy special advantages because of one's position (usually because of being born into a wealthy or powerful family)
prosper	v. to do very well in one's business or personal life
acquire	v. to get something, usually something with special value or meaning
assess	v. to estimate the value of something (evaluate quality)
asset	n. a possession that has positive value
hazardous	adj. dangerous
jointly	adv. together with one or more other parties
lease	v. to rent something for a long time (several months or years)
liability	n. legal responsibility for harming a person or property; a disadvantage
proprietor	n. owner, usually of a business or a building
safeguard	v. to protect
sole	adj. only
compensate	v. to give an employee money or other things in exchange for the work he or she does
dynamic	adj. full of energy
enterprising	adj. creative in thinking of way ways to make money
exploit	v. to take advantage of; to create inconsiderately in order to profit
incentive	n. a possible benefit that motivates a person to do a certain thing.
industrious	adj. willing to work hard
marginal	adj. not very significant or effective
merit	n. value; success based on one's work, not on luck
promote	v. to move someone to a high position in a company
resign	v. to quit one's job
distill	v. to remove one liquid from a mixture of liquids by boiling; to get something valuable from a confusing mix of ideas
entrepreneurial	adj. able to create business opportunities from a wide variety of circumstances
extract	v. to take out
haggle	v. to argue back and forth about a price
intrepid	adj. fearless
merchant	n. a person who makes a living by selling things
proportionately	adv. in an amount appropriate to each of several
prototype	n. the first one made of a machine or system
reward	n. something one gets for having done well
shuttle	v. to move back and forth often between two places
advocate	v. to speak out in favor of something
authority	n. the power to make decisions, to tell others what to do
bitterly	adv. strongly and with a lot of bad feelings
candidate	n. someone who wants to be chosen, especially in an election, for a position
coalition	n. a group of several different groups or countries that are working together to achieve a certain goal.
contest	v. to challenge
election	n. a process in which people choose officials
inaugurate	v. to bring into public office; to start formally
policy	n. an approved way for approaching a certain kind of situation
poll	v. to find out a small group's opinion that you can guess what a much larger group thinks
accuse	v. to say that some did something wrong
allegedly	adv. according to what people say
civil	ad. involving a dispute between two citizens, not a criminal charge
convict	v. to decide that someone is guilty of a crime
guilty	adj. responsible for doing something bad
offense	n a specific act that breaks the law
peer	n. a peer who is one's social equal
suspect	n. someone who, in the opinion of the police, might have committed a certain crime
verdict	n. a judgment in a court case
witness	to see something, especially a crime, happen.
apprehend	v. to capture
ascertain	v. to make sure of
bureaucratic	adj. related to a large organization with a complicated procedures
condemn	v. to speak out against something in strong terms
evidence	n. something that makes the truth of a statement seem more likely
implicate	v. to suggest that someone was involved in a crime or other wrong behavior
inquiry	n. an investigation
intrusively	adv. in a way that brings an unwanted person or thing into someones else's affairs
seize	v. to take something against its owner's will
surveillance	n. a process of watching something or someone for a long time, usually because the person is suspected of something.
analyze	v. to examine something by looking at its parts
assail	v. to attack or criticizing forcefully
contrary	adj. opposite
hypothesize	v. to make a guess, the correctness of which will eventually be investigated systematically.
impair	v. to make something less effective than usual
inference	n. a conclusion drawn from evidence
objectively	adv. based on unbiased standards, not on personal opinion
suspicious	adj. believing that something is wrong; acting in a way that makes people believe you have done something wrong
tolerate	v. to avoid getting upset about something
versus	prep. against
bribery	n. giving money or other gifts to a government official or other in authority in order to get special privileges
cynically	adv. disrespectfully; emphasizing the weaknesses of otherwise respected things
erode	v. to wear away and become smaller
evade	v. to get away from something that tries to catch you
grotesque	adj. extremely unattractive, in a way that catches a lot of attention
integrity	n. personal honest and good character
prevalent	adj. common easy to find because it exists in great amounts
reform	v. to make big improvements
scandal	n. a case of wrongdoing that hurts someone's reputation
unmask	v. reveal; expose something that is hidden
abduction	n. kidnapping
coerce	v. to force; to put pressure on some to do something
detain	v. to prevent someone, for a relatively short time, from going on their way
deviant	adj. in a style that is not normal and is offensive to many
distort	v. to twist or misrepresent; to make something seem different what it really is
intentionally	adv. on purpose, not by accident
piracy	n. stealing a ship or taking the ship's cargo; the unlawful copying books CD's, etc.
predicament	n. a difficult situation, one that is hard to get out of
smuggle	v. to illegally bring things into a country
villainy	n. exceptional badness, as demonstrated by many serious evil deeds
addictive	adj. making someone want it so much that the person feels ill without it.
cartel	n. a small group controlling a certain area of business
concentrated	adj. strong because are amounts are in a certain space
interdict	v. to keep something from reaching a certain place
juxtapose	v. place next to one another
misconception	n. a mistaken belief
modify	v. make small changes in order to get a certain result
potent	adj. powerful
residual	adj. left behind after most of a thing has gone
subtly	adv. in a quite, hard-to-noticce way
ancestral	adj. relating to family members earlier generations
cohesion	n. ability to stay together as a unit
descendant	n. a direct relative in a later generation
inheritance	n. things passed down to you form you ancestors
kin	n. relatives
legitimate	adj. true and respectable; in the context of family, born of a mother na father who were married to each other
paternal	adj. relating to a father
proximity	n. nearness
sentiment	n. feelings; opinion based on feelings
sibling	n. brother or sister
complex	adj. not simple; involving many parts that work together
despondent	adj. extremely sad and without hope for the future
devotion	n. a willingness to keep supporting someone you admire
dilemma	n. a difficult choice between two things
engender	v. to bring into being; to cause to exist
loyal	adj. faithful
passion	n. an extremely strong, like love or anger
proliferation	n. an increase in the number of something and in the number of places it can be found
reciprocity	n. doing as much for another as he or she has done for you
vanish	v. to disappear suddenly
antipathy	n. a strong, long-lasting negative feeling
arrogantly	adv. in a way that shows a high opinion of oneself and a low opinion of others
berate	v. to say insulting and disrespectful things
contemptuous	n. having no respect
despise	v. hate very much
humiliation	n. an event that causes someone to feel that he or she has lost the respect of others
obnoxious	adj. bothersome; doing small things that others don't like
shame	n. dishonor because one has done something wrong
stigmatize	v. to mark with a visible feature that makes other people think, perhaps incorrectly, that someone or something is wrong
vitriolic	adj. showing an extreme, hateful anger
adolescent	adj ,characteristic of a teenager; not fully grown up
cause	n. a political or social goal that one believes is right and works to achieve
conflict	v. to fit so poorly together that the differences cause a problem
delinquency	n. serious misbehavior; not doing what one should do
fringe	n. edge; in social contexts, parts of society that look or act very different from most people
hedonistic	adj. excessively interested in seeking pleasure
hypocritically	adv. in a way that accuses other people of weaknesses that the speaker also possesses
manipulation	n, quietly moving or influencing people or things in order to get what you want
rebel	v. to go against an established system or authority
status quo	n. the systems and conditions that exist now
abstract	adj. not concrete and realistic; not obviously related to everyday experience
context	n. a larger environment that something into
depict	v to show in pictures
dimension	n. a direction or surface along which something can be measured; an aspect
intrinsic	adj. being part of the basic nature of something
perspective	n. a way of seeing from a particular location; a way of thinking about something
portrayal	n. a description or drawing that reflects a certain of view
realism	n a technique that tries to picture something as a really looks
spectrum	n. a range of different things, usually colors

Created by: quickbean

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