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U.S. History Exam
Great Depression / New Deal Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| speculation | The purchasing of high risk stocks with the intention of making a quick profit. (form of gambling) |
| buying on margin | The borrowing of money to purchase stock. |
| installment plan | A credit system by which payment for merchandise is made in installments over a fixed period of time. (1920s) |
| Black Tuesday | The worst day in stock market history. Marks the beginning of the Great Depression. |
| shantytown | A town or a section of a town consisting chiefly of shacks. |
| hobo | a person who has no place to live and no money and who travels to many different places; usually on trains. |
| Keynsian Economics | An economic theory based on government spending more than bringing in through revenue; also known as deficit spending. FDR's approach. |
| Golden Boy | Nickname for President Herbert Hoover/ entered White House in 1928 well respected / high expectations of more prosperity. |
| Okie | Farmers who left the Dust Bowl in the 1930s and moved to California looking for migrant work. |
| Bank Holiday | FDR's first action as President. Closed banks for government inspection to see if they were solid enough to re-open. Hoped to restore public confidence. |
| Fireside Chats | FDR's radio addresses. |
| polio | A contagious viral disease that causes paralysis. Epidemic in America during 30s, 40s and 50s. FDR suffered from this. |
| Brain Trust | Name given to a group that advised FDR on how to handle the Great Depression. Highly educated group/diverse backgrounds. |
| Lame Duck | is an elected official who is approaching the end of their term, especially one whose successor has already been elected. The official is often seen as having less influence with other politicians due to their limited time left in office. |
| 20th Amendment | Changed the inauguration date of the president from March to January. |
| 22 Amendment | Presidential two term limit. |
| New Deal | Name of FDR's plan to end the Great Depression, |
| FDR's 3 R's | Relief(for the needy), Recovery (of the economy), Reform (so it does not happen again) |
| FDIC | New Deal agency / insured bank deposits up to $500 dollars to restore confidence in banks. |
| SSA | New Deal agency / Monthly pensions to elderly and others who qualify. Social welfare program. |
| TVA | New Deal agency / construction of multiple dams to control flooding and provide hydro-electricity. |
| CCC | New Deal agency / provided jobs to young males / worked outside on environmental projects / wages sent home to families. |
| PWA | New Deal Agency / agency that created millions of jobs constructing schools, libraries, bridges and much more. |
| Migrant Mother | Iconic photograph of the Great Depression / captured by Dorothea Lange |
| Warms Springs, Georgia | Polio treatment center visited and later purchased by FDR. |
| Alphabet Soup | Nickname for FDR's New Deal agencies referred to by their acronyms |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | Non-traditional First Lady; advisor to her husband |
| Francis Perkins | First female presidential cabinet member; Secretary of Labor |
| John Maynard Keynes | FDR's top economic advisor |
| movies | A luxury Americans continued to splurge on during the Great Depression |
| Dust Bowl | The result of both a man-made and environmental disaster in the Great Plains during the 1930s |
| Bonus Army | WWI veterans who marched on Washington in hopes of getting their military service bonus early |
| Baby Boomers | Generation of Americans born between 1946 - 1964; largest generation; at retirement age and draining Social Security |
Created by:
smithleslie
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