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BLOOD COLLECTION INVOLVES:
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WHAT IS AN ANTICOAGULANT?
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Blood Collection

202 - Lab 1: Blood Collection

QuestionAnswer
BLOOD COLLECTION INVOLVES: • Serum/plasma/whole blood • Animal • Needle • Syringe • Vacutainer
WHAT IS AN ANTICOAGULANT? • Work by binding calcium (factor 4) • Chemical when added to blood will prevent or delay coagulation • Can come as liquid or powder form in tubes
RED TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE NO ADDITIVE
LAVENDER TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE Contains EDTA o Use for CBC o Good for staining o Cells will shrink (crenation) in here if too little blood (due to salt in EDTA)
GREEN TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE heparin (sodium or lithium) o One of the most common tubes o Not routine in CBC = clumps WBC o Not used for staining o Birds, reptiles, fish = RBC have nucleolus so the cell will not lyse
LIGHT BLUE TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE buffered sodium citrate (just delays the clotting) o Used for clotting study
GRAY TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE contains anticoagulant and glycolytic inhibitor (prevents breakdown of glucose) o Sodium fluoride
YELLOW TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE ACD: Acid Citrate Dextrose o ACD used all the time when doing blood transfusions
BLOOD COLLECTION AMOUNT IS DETERMINED BY: o Test o Tube size o Animal size & hydration status – will effect the volume of blood you can attain
MAXIMUM BLOOD COLLECTION SHOULD NOT EXCEED: 25% of Body Weight o Birds – only 1% of BW
PCV IS: PACK CELL VOLUME: 50% of your blood is cells (RBC)
EQUINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES o Jugular vein o Facial vein
BOVINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES o Jugular vein o Coccygeal vein o Mammary – has a higher natural level of calcium – LAST RESORT
OVINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES o Jugular o Cephalic o Saphenous
CAPRINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES o Jugular o Cephalic o Saphenous
PORCINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES o Ear o Thoracic Inlet – anterior vena cava
CANINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES o Jugular o Cephalic o Lateral Saphenous
FELINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES o Jugular o Cephalic o Medial Saphenous
BIRD BLOOD COLLECTION SITES right jugular vein (left is smaller), medial metatarsal vein, wing vein (cutaneous ulnar vein)
FERRET BLOOD COLLECTION SITES cranial vena cava, ventral tail vein
RABBIT BLOOD COLLECTION SITES lateral saphenous, lateral ear vein (not preferred due to hematoma forming), cephalic vein, not jugular because of dewlap
SMALL ANIMAL BLOOD COLLECTION SITES JUGULAR
RODENT BLOOD COLLECTION SITES lateral saphenous, venous sinus (behind eye), tail vein, submandibular, direct cardiac puncture
EXOTICS BLOOD COLLECTION SITES o Lizards: ventral to tail vein o Tortoise/Turtle: venous sinus o Snakes: direct cardiac puncture
NEEDLES • Length ½” to 2” • Size range: 14g to 30g (smaller #, bigger the needle) • Don’t use smaller than 25g needle – this will cause hemolysis (lyse blood cells)
NEEDLE SIZES o 18g – green monoject – pink B-D o 20g – pink monoject – yellow B-D o 21g – lavender monoject – green B-D o 22g – blue monoject – black B-D o 23g – orange monoject – teal B-D o 25g – red monoject – blue B-D
SYRINGE SIZES o 1cc, 3cc, 6cc, 12cc, 35cc, 60cc
SYRINGE TIPS o Luer (needle slips on), luer lock (needle screws on), catheter (shaped like a cone), curved (can feed animals with this, flush wounds) o Location of the tip can be: Central vs. eccentric
VACUTAINER SYSTEM • Three parts: o Double ended needle o Plastic sleeve o Vacuum tube
BLOOD DRAW TECHNIQUE • Choose tube, needle, syringe • Label tube(s) • Proper restraint • Locate vein • Insert needle bevel up • Draw back on plunger • Place blood in tube gently – remove top of tube and needle and drip the blood into the tube – this prevents lysis
Created by: jenn.messier11
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