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Chapter 3 - Vocab.
The Colonies Take Root
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mayflower | the ship in which the Pilgrims sailed from Southampton to the New World in 1620 |
| Mayflower Compact | an agreement to establish a government, entered into by the Pilgrims in the cabin of the Mayflower on November 11, 1620. |
| Plymouth Colony | the colony established in SE Massachusetts by the Pilgrims in 1620. |
| Pilgrims | a person who journeys, especially a long distance, to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion: pilgrims to the Holy Land. |
| Puritan | a person who is strict in moral or religious matters, often excessively so. |
| Separatists | a person who separates, withdraws, or secedes, as from an established church. |
| Charter | a document, issued by a sovereign or state, outlining the conditions under which a corporation, colony, city, or other corporate body is organized, and defining its rights and privileges. |
| Squanto | died 1622, North American Indian of the Narragansett tribe: interpreter for the Pilgrims. |
| Pocahontas | 1595?–1617, American Indian woman who is said to have prevented the execution of Captain John Smith. |
| John Smith | 1580–1631, English adventurer and colonist in Virginia. |
| House of Burgesses | the assembly of representatives in colonial Virginia. |
| Salem Witch Trails | The colonial Massachusetts between 1692 and 1693. More than 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft and 20 were executed. Eventually, the colony admitted the trials were a mistake and compensated the families of those convicted. |
| John Winthrop | lawyer and one of the leading figures in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the first major settlement in what is now New England after Plymouth Colony. |
| Roger Williams | English clergyman in America: founder of Rhode Island colony 1636. |
| Anne Hutchinson | important participant in the Antinomian Controversy that shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638. |
| Thomas Hooker | English Puritan clergyman: one of the founders of the colony of Connecticut. |
| John Wheelright | was a Puritan clergyman in England and was most noted for being banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony during the Antinomian Controversy, and for subsequently establishing the town of Exeter, New Hampshire. |
| Town Meeting | a general meeting of the inhabitants of a town. |
| Metacom | Known as Philip Died 1676. Wampanoag leader who waged King Philip's War (1675–1676) with New England colonists who had encroached on Native American territory. |
| Royal Colony | a colony ruled or administered by officials appointed by and responsible to the reigning sovereign of the parent state. |
| Backcountry | sparsely inhabited rural areas; wilderness. |
| Tidewater | water brought or affected by tides. |
| William Penn | was an English real estate entrepreneur, philosopher, early Quaker and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, the English North American colony and the future Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. |
| Plantation | a colony. |
| Missionaries | a person sent on a religious mission, especially one sent to promote Christianity in a foreign country. |
| Junipero Serra | an Spanish missionary who founded Franciscan missions in California (1713-1784) |
| Presidio | (in Spain and Spanish America) a fortified military settlement. |
| Pueblo | an American Indian settlement of the southwestern US, especially one consisting of multistoried adobe houses built by the Pueblo people. |
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