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Anthro 121 - Exam 1
Concepts
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Prescriptive ritual | A ritual that a deity or religious authority requires to be performed |
Situational ritual | A ritual that arises as needed, frequently in times of crisis. |
Occasional ritual | A ritual that is performed when a particular need arises. |
Technological ritual | A ritual that attempts to influence or control nature, especially in those situations that affect human activities and well-being. |
Protective ritual | A ritual that is performed at the start of, or during, a dangerous activity to protect the participants or to protect the community against disaster. |
Ideological rituals | A ritual that delineates codes of proper behavior, promotes community solidarity, articulates the community's worldview, and assists the community in managing crises. |
Rites of Passage | Move from one social status to another ; Different forms include birth, coming of age, marriage, death |
Altered State of Conscience | Transcendental experience, mystical experience = same thing (for most part) |
Universal Characteristics of Altered State of Conscience | 1. Unity = most important 2. Transcendence of time/space 3. Deeply felt positive mood 4. Sense of Sacredness 5. Objectivity / Reality 6. Paradoxicality 7. Alleged Ineffability 8. Transciency 9. Persisting Positive Changes in Attitudes / Behavior |
Religious Specialists | Shamans and Priests |
Shamans | Has a calling w/ spirit world |
Shaman's Role in Society | - Healer, keeper of myths, master of spirits - Individual practitioner - Doesn't owe obligation to a groups within the society - Usually considered equal |
Priest's Role in Society | - Organizes group events - usually rituals - Uses Authority to bring public in contact w/ the divine |
Priest | Authority established by religious organization |