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What is Mesopotamia
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mesopotamia
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Mesopotamia | the land between Tigris and Euphrates River |
| ? was the first city in the world | Sumer |
| In what modern country is Mesopotamia located? | Iraq |
| What type of climate does Mesopotamia have? | desert |
| Why did the Mesopotamians need to practice irrigation? | They lived in a desert so there was little rain |
| What causes the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers to flood? | Melting snow in the mountains |
| Why couldn’t the Mesopotamians farm during the flood? | Their fields were under the flood water |
| How were the Mesopotamians able to get fertile soil in a desert? | he melting snow brought fertile soil from the rivers |
| Where was the only place that the Mesopotamians could plant their crops? Why there? | They could only plant crops along the sides of the rivers because that’s where the flood water dumped the fertile soil. |
| brought water from the river to the fields | Canals: |
| prevented too much flood water from drowning the plants | Dams |
| could be opened to flood an entire field | Gates |
| used to water individual plants | Shaduf: |
| to store flood water to be used at time when there was little water | reservoir |
| Why did the Mesopotamians need to flood their fields? | Because the soil was hard |
| What agricultural tool was invented by the Mesopotamians? What is its purpose? | Plow – to dig rows to plants seeds in |
| Define artisan | skilled worker |
| Give two examples of artisans. | Weaver, pottery, blacksmith |
| How did the invention of irrigation lead to the existence of artisans? | Since there was extra food, not everyone was needed to farm. So people could have other jobs. |
| In ancient Mesopotamia, how did people obtain items that they could not make? | They traded. |
| Why did the Mesopotamians invent writing? | To keep track of items that were traded (like receipts) |
| Define city-state | city that is it’s own country |
| Why wasn’t Mesopotamia a country? | Each city-state was its own country |
| What did the Mesopotamians construct building out of? Why did that use that material? | mud brick – since they lived in a desert, there wasn’t much wood or stone |
| What is a ziggurat? | A temple tower |
| In what shape are ziggurats built? | A pyramid with steps on the sides |
| What were ziggurats built out of? | Mud bricks |
| What was located at the top of the ziggurat? | The temple |
| Who were the only people allowed inside ziggurats? Why only them? | Priests – Mesopotamians believed that a god lived inside a ziggurat, so only the priests could be in the god’s home. |
| What empire did Hammurabi rule as king? | Babylonian |
| A code is a collection of written | laws |
| How did Hammurabi ensure that all people in his kingdom knew the laws? | He had the laws read aloud on important days, such as festivals |
| What are written laws necessary? | To keep order in society |
| When talking about the Code of Hammurabi, why is the phrase “an eye for an eye” is often used? | The punishment was often the same as the crime |
| Give three specific examples from the Code of Hammurabi to prove that the different social classes received different punishments for the same crime. | A. If an upper class person broke the arm of an upper class person, his arm would be broken. B. If an upper class person broke the arm of a lower class person, he would pay the lower class person a small amount of gold or silver. C. If a lower cla |
| What is a ziggurat? | A temple tower |
| Why was a ziggurat built up high like a tower? | To be closer to the gods |
| The two purposes of a ziggurat were to | worship__ the __gods___ and to store _____food_________. |
| Who was allowed inside of the building at the top? | priests and kings |
| Only those people were allowed inside because the ziggurat was believed to be a home for the | god |
| What is a city-state? | A city that is its own country |
| What did all of the city-states in Mesopotamia have in common? | language, gods, writing |
| What is a monarchy? | Government in which a king or queen rules |
| Why did the Mesopotamians obey the leader in a monarchy? | They believed the king got his power from the gods |
| How is the next leader in a monarchy chosen? | The oldest son of the king |
| What is an empire? | A country and all the lands it has conquered |
| Which wonder of the ancient world was located in the capital city of the Babylonian Empire? | The Hanging Gardens of Babylon |
| Which Babylonian scientists made the first observations of the stars and planets? | astronomers |
| Why was the Babylonian calendar less accurate than our modern one? Hint: think about what it was based on versus what ours is based on. | Their calendar was based on the moon while ours is based on the sun |
| What invention involved in the planning of a day did the Babylonians create? | hour |
| In what language did the Mesopotamians write? | Cuneiform |
| What shape were the symbols in that writing system? | wedges |
| Who did people have to pay to do the reading and writing for them? | scribes |
| Why didn’t people do the reading and writing themselves? | Most people couldn’t read or write |
| What did they write with? | stylus (sharpened reed) |
| What did they write on? | Clay tablets |
Created by:
rlshawhan