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5.7 Quantum Numbers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Three different quantum numbers are needed because... | there are three dimensions to space. |
| What are the four quantum numbers? | n, l, ml (l is subscript), and ms (s is subscript) |
| What is an atomic orbital? | A wave function for an electron in an atom |
| The fourth quantum number refers to what? | magnetic property of electrons called spin |
| What quantum number is the one on which the energy of an electron in an atom principally depends; it can have any positive value: 1, 2, 3, and so on? | Principal Quantum Number (n) |
| What is the principal quantum number (n)? | The first quantum number, designated by the letter n, it takes on any positive integer value and describes an electron's energy level. An electron with a higher n value is at a higher energy state. |
| The smaller n is, the ______ the energy. | lower Cases: In the case of the hydrogen atom or single-electron atomic ions, such as Li^2+ and He^+, n is the only quantum number determining the energy. For other atoms, the energy also depends to a slight extent on the l quantum number. |
| The larger the value of n is, the ______the orbital. | larger |
| What depends on the n? | 1. energy 2. size |
| ________ of the same quantum state n are said to belong to the same ________. | Orbitals, shell |
| Letter to n: K L M N . . . | 1 2 3 4 . . . |
| Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l) (Also Called Azimuthal Quantum Number) | This quantum number distinguishes orbitals of given n having different shapes; it can have any integer value from 0 to n - 1. |
| If an electron has a principal quantum number of 3, what are the possible values for l? | the possible values for n are 0, 1, and 2 |
| Although the energy of an orbital is principally determined by the n quantum number, the energy also depends somewhat on the __ quantum number (except for the H atom). | l |
| For a given n, the energy of an orbital increases with __. | l |
| Orbitals of the same n but _____ l are said to belong to ______ subshells of a given shell. | different |
| Letter to l: Letter: s p d f g . . . | l: 0 1 2 3 4 . . . |
| 2p denotes a subshell with what quantum numbers? | n= 2 l= 1 |
| Magnetic Quantum Number (ml(subscript l)) | This quantum number distinguishes orbitals of given n and l—that is, of given energy and shape but having a different orientation in space; the allowed values are the integers from -l to +l. |
Created by:
Ally501