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Matter Study Guide

Vocabulary terms and definitions for matter.

TermDefinition
Chemical property how one thing reacts with another.
Physical property characteristic of matter which can be observed without changing the matter's identity.
Matter has atoms, takes up space, not an energy or force, has mass.
Weight measured with a scale
Mass measured with a balance
Formula for weight Mass*9.8
Formula for density Mass/Volume
Volume Amount of space an object takes up, irregular objects measured using the displacement method.
Displacement method Liquid volume is measured in ml, whereas the volume of solid objects is measured in cm cubed.
Buoyancy Object sinks with greater density than liquid, floats with less density than liquid.
Density How tightly packed matter is, measured in g/cm cubed or g/ml.
Formula for mass Volume * density
Malleability How well something can be flattened/stretched without breaking (metal, gold, copper).
Ductile Ability to be stretched into a wire.
Solute Chemical being dissolved, material you add to another.
Solvent Chemical that dissolves things, material in which you add something.
Physical change Appearance of substance changes, but it's chemically the same, individual molecules don't change.
Chemical change Atoms making up matter rearrange to form new substances with new properties.
Element Pure substance that can't be separated into any others, properties identify each (atoms in it).
Hydrogen The most common element out of them all.
Compound Two or more different elements that chemically combine, always has the same components in the same proportion, have different properties than the elements making it up (sodium chloride).
Mass Measured in grams/kilograms
Weight Changes with location.
Mass Doesn't chance in location.
Molecule Two or more atoms that are joined together.
Crystal Rigid lattice-like framework of many atoms bonded together, made of ions (table salt).
Homogeneous mixture Mixture that has the same composition throughout (salt water).
Heterogeneous mixture Mixture that varies in composition (trail mix), has big particles that will settle out.
Mass Amount of matter in objects.
Weight Amount of gravitational pull on objects.
Solubility How well one material dissolves in another material.
Magnetism How well something sticks to a magnet.
Thermal conductivity How well heat travels through a substance.
Electrical conductivity How well electricity travels through a substance.
Melting point The point at which a solid becomes a liquid.
Boiling point The point at which a liquid becomes a gas.
Atom Smallest particle of an element.
Crystal Made of ions.
Weight Measured in newtons.
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