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Wildlife
Laboratory & Exotics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The first part of a physical exam on wildlife is to observe what? | mentation |
| Is it true that mothers of wildlife will abandon their young if humans have touched them? | No |
| If a healthy wildlife baby animal is found and picked up, what should we as technicians advise the "finder" to do with it? | Take it back to where it was found; the mother will come back for it. |
| In most states, what is required to rehabilitate wildlife? | permit |
| Birds of prey use what to defend themselves? | talons and beak |
| When a wild animal is brought into the veterinary hospital what kind of interactions between the caretakers and the animal should occur? | It should not be handled, petted, talked to or played with or even looked at in between treatments. |
| What household item is used often in the capture of wild birds and rabbits? | towel |
| When capturing a wild bird, especially a raptor, what anatomic parts should be restrained the most? | wings and talons and beak |
| What bacteria has zoonotic potential in reptiles? | Salmonella |
| What is a snake hook used for? | to pin down the head of an aggressive snake so the restrainer can grab the head |
| Chelonians are _________________ and _______________________. | turtles and tortoises |
| What is the main difference between turtles and tortoises? | tortoises are mostly land creatures while turtles are found near or in water |
| What is the dorsal and ventral parts of the chelonian shell called? | carapace and plastron |
| Why do birds mask their illnesses in the wild? | so they will not stand out and be preyed upon |
| A major sign of respiratory distress in birds is what? | open mouth breathing or breathing with a "tail-bob" |
| When performing a physical exam on a reptile the best way to get a heart rate is to use what piece of equipment? | doppler |
| What is the main purpose of performing a cloacal wash? | to obtain a fecal sample |
| When giving medications parenterally to avians what are the two best ways to give it? | SQ and IM |
| Where would an IM injection be given in a bird? | pectorals |
| Why is it important to give medications cranially in avians? | the renal-portal system |
| What is the renal-portal system? | any medicines given caudally to the kidneys will be filtered through the kidneys before being distributed to the rest of the body; because of this if it is a nephrotoxic drug it could cause kidney damage or if the kidneys filter it the rest of the body wi |
| What route is probably the bet way to medicate wild animals? | orally in their food because it will cause less stress |
| When giving a medication through the intracoelomic route where anatomically is this being given? | abdominal cavity |
| When giving lizards intraosseous fluids, what bones are usually used? | distal portion of the femur or humerus or into the proximal portion of the tibia |
| When a raptor is not eating properly what effect can it have on their hydration? | they can become dehydrated because they get most of their fluid intake from their food |
| The most commonly used fluid preparation given to raptors is called | lactated ringers |
| What area of the body are SQ fluids usually given in raptors? | inguinal |
| When tube feeding ANY animal what should be done before pulling out the feeding tube from the esophagus? | pinch the tube |
| Why is it that nonraptorial baby birds are usually easy to feed? | they will open their mouths just by simply tapping on them or the movement of your fingers over their head |
| Because snakes are carnivores, what mineral do they acquire when eating their prey? | calcium because they eat the whole animal with bones |
| Are tortoises carnivores, herbivores, insectivores, or omnivores? | herbivores; they eat leaves, grasses, and flowers; nothing with protein in it! |
| If a reptile patient is dehydrated, what can a technician see in the mouth to assess this? | strings of mucous from top to bottom but the rest of the mouth will be dry and pale |
| What happens to the eyes of a dehydrated patient? | they become sunken into the orbits |
| Name the very convenient way to rehydrate a reptile. | soak them in a water bath |
| True or False: Baby birds and rabbits have the same kind of feeding schedule. | False-Baby birds eat multiple times during the day while rabbits eat only twice! |
| If a bald eagle is brought in to the hospital with compound fractures and head trauma is it legal to go ahead and euthanize it? | No. The state fish and wildlife department has to give permission because it is an endangered species. |
| True or False: If a wild animal is determined to be un-releasable, the veterinarian should euthanize it immediately. | False. It can be placed in a zoo, wildlife education center, or raptor center it these places have the correct permits. |
| When immobilizing fractures of long bones what must be done when bandaging? | The joint above and below the fracture has to be stabilized. |
| What is the name of the bandage that is used for wings on avians? | figure eight |
| What drug is often used IV in reptiles for anesthesia? | propofol |
| What is the overall goal of wildlife medicine and rehabilitation? | for the animals to be healthy and self sustainable in the wild |
| What wild animal is a reservoir for rabies? | raccoon |
| Why are opossums not considered a disease threat to humans? | they have a lower than average body temperature so they do not carry the standard zoonotic diseases like other animals |
| What canine and feline disease are raccoons susceptible to? | distemper |
| What is the intestinal parasite that raccoons are carriers of? | roundworm called Balisacaris procyonis which is zoonotic |
| Bubonic plague (Yersenia pestis) in rodents is transmitted by what insect? | fleas |
| The host animal for Tularemia is what? | rabbits and hares |
| What is the only true flying mammal? | bat |
| Which animal is the most common transmitter of rabies in the U.S.? | bat |
| If armadillos are handled a lot or eaten, what disease can humans contract from them? | leprosy (Hansen's disease) |
| Lead weights used in fishing lures and lead shot from shotgun shells can cause what kind of illness in wildlife? | lead poisoning or heavy metal toxicosis |
| What is the agent that causes Botulism in wild life? | Clostridium botulinum |
| When fresh water bodies are exposed to higher than normal temperatures what toxins can be produced that cause neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity? | phytoplankton |
| Why are the waterfowl so affected by oil spills? | the oil takes away their waterproofing, buoyancy, and insulation and because they continuously clean and pick at their feathers they ingest the oil which is toxic |
| What soap is used to wash the animals in after an oil spill? | Dawn |
| What system of the body does rabies affect? | nervous |
| The zoonotic disease, psittacosis, is transmitted by what means? | inhalation of dried feces or feather dust |
| What is the body fluid that causes humans to contract Leptospirosis from affected wild animals? | urine |
| What animal is the primary vector of HPS? | rodents |
| Franciella tularensis causes which bacterial disease? | Tularemia |
| Where in humans does Tularemia found? | bloodstream |
| WNV is transmitted by what insect? | mosquitoes |
| In human and animal medicine, what is the number one way to prevent the spread of disease? | washing your hands between patients! |
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spoitevint
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