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American Government
2016
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Litigants | a person involved in a lawsuit. |
Supreme Court | the highest judicial court in a country or state. |
Due Process | fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement. |
Jury Duty | One of the highest duties of citizenship, it accrues from the constitutional right to be tried by a panel of one's peers and involves direct participation in the administration of justice. |
Bill of Rights | the first ten amendments to the US Constitution, ratified in 1791 and guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship. |
Congress | a formal meeting or series of meetings for discussion between delegates, especially those from a political party or labor union or from within a particular discipline. |
Ultimate Source of Political Power | the people |
Double Jeopardy | the prosecution of a person twice for the same offense. |
Refugees | a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster. |
Amendments | a change or addition to a legal or statutory document. |
Mayflower Compact | An agreement reached by the Pilgrims on the ship the Mayflower in 1620, just before they landed at Plymouth Rock. |
Magna Carta | a document constituting a fundamental guarantee of rights and privileges. |
James Madison | A leader in the drafting of the Constitution, contributing several essays to The Federalist Papers. He served as president from 1809 to 1817, after Thomas Jefferson. |
Electoral College | A body of people representing the states of the US, who formally cast votes for the election of the president and vice president. |
Qualifications for Senators | The Constitution requires that U.S. senators must be at least 30 years of age, citizens of the United States for at least nine years, and residents of the states from which they are elected. |
Qualifications for President | Only a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the U.S, at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, is eligible to be President; neither should anyone be president who has not attained the age of 35 years, and been 14 years a resident |
Social Security | A federal insurance program that provides benefits to retired people and those who are unemployed or disabled. |
Segregation | The enforced separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment. |
Main source of government revenue | Is money received by a government. It is an important tool of the fiscal policy of the government and is the opposite factor of government spending. The sources of finance used by the central government are mainly taxes paid by the public. |
Marbury v. Madison | Was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution. |
Checks and Balances | The system of checks and balances is an important part of the Constitution. With checks and balances, each of the three branches of government can limit the powers of the others. This way, no one branch becomes too powerful. |
Federalist and Anti-Federalists | The winning supporters of ratification of the Constitution were called Federalists and the opponents were called Anti-Federalists |
Concurrent Power | The first concurrent power held by both the federal government and state governments is the right to levy taxes. The third concurrent power is to establish lower courts underneath the Supreme Court |
Senators v. House of Representatives | Congress writes national legislation by dividing work into separate committees which specialize in different areas. Some members of Congress are elected by their peers to be officers of these committees. |
Federalism | Federalism is a system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central government and regional or sub-divisional governments. |