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Stack #2382460

QuestionAnswer
____ 1. Which of the following is the process of a substance moving from where it was administered into the bloodstream? a. Absorption b. Distribution c. Excretion d. Metabolism 1. ANS: A Rationale: Absorption is the process by which a substance moves from the site where it was administered into the bloodstream.
____ 2. Which of the following routes has the quickest absorption into the bloodstream? a. Inhalation b. Oral c. Intravenous d. Intramuscular e. Subcutaneous 2. ANS: C Rationale: Intravenous medications are absorbed into the bloodstream most quickly, because they are injected directly into the bloodstream.
____ 3. Drugs that cross the blood-brain barrier are called a. OTC drugs. b. psychotropic. c. teratogenic. d. controlled. e. prescriptions. 3. ANS: B Rationale: Psychotropic medications are those that can cross the blood-brain barrier and are known as mind-altering drugs.
____ 4. Drugs that can cause birth defects are called a. psychotropic. b. hormones. c. teratogenic. d. pathogenic. e. controlled. 4. ANS: C Rationale: Teratogenic medications are those that can cross the blood-placental barrier, causing harm to the developing fetus.
____ 5. The process by which the liver metabolizes drugs to change them is called a. absorption. b. distribution. c. biotransformation. d. excretion. e. cirrhosis. 5. ANS: C Rationale: Biotransformation, which is also known as metabolism, is the process by which a medication is gradually transformed into a less active or inactive form of the drug.
____ 6. Which of the following organs excretes drugs? a. Mouth b. Stomach c. Breasts d. Pancreas e. Liver 6. ANS: C Rationale: The breasts excrete drug metabolites through breast milk.
____ 7. Ototoxicity is damage to the a. liver. b. eye. c. ear. d. pancreas. e. stomach. 7. ANS: C Rationale: Ototoxicity refers to the risk of damage to a patient's hearing that is posed by a medication.
____ 8. A unique reaction to a drug is called a/an a. side effect. b. idiosyncrasy. c. ototoxicity. d. teratogen. e. oncogene. 8. ANS: B Rationale: Idiosyncrasy refers to a reaction or side effect that is unique and uncommon.
____ 9. Which of the following means “to not excrete drugs effectively”? a. Teratogenic b. Oncogenic c. Antagonistic d. Agonistic e. Cumulation 9. ANS: E Rationale: Cumulation refers to waste products (including less active forms of medication) not being effectively excreted from the body and building up, potentially making the patient very ill.
____ 10. A drug that is given orally but acts in another area is called a. systemic. b. synthetic. c. synergistic. d. toxic. e. efficacious. 10. ANS: A Rationale: Systemic medications are those that affect multiple body systems, not just the system in which it was administered. .
____ 11. Which of the following has an intended action of delayed clotting? a. Coumadin b. Ritalin c. Valproic acid d. Lithium e. OxyContin 11. ANS: A Rationale: Coumadin is a medication that decreases clotting to avoid the formation of undesirable blood clots.
____ 12. Which of the following is not a stage of the drug cycle? a. Absorption b. Distribution c. Isolation d. Metabolism e. Excretion 12. ANS: C Rationale: The four stages of the drug cycle are absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
____ 13. The rate of medication absorption is affected by the a. amount of food in the stomach. b. age of the patient. c. concentration of the medication. d. pH of the medication. e. a,b,c,d 13. ANS: E
____ 14. Which pH of a medication is more easily absorbed in the stomach? a. Acidic b. Alkalotic c. Neutral d. All are absorbed equally 14. ANS: A Rationale: Medications with a low pH (acidic) are easily absorbed in the stomach, whereas those that are higher in pH (alkalotic) are less likely to be absorbed effectively.
____ 15. Drugs that can pass through the blood-placental barrier to harm the fetus include a. alcohol. b. cocaine. c. Tylenol. d. alcohol and cocaine. 15. ANS: D Rationale: Teratogenic medications that can cross the blood-placenta barrier include alcohol, cocaine, and some over-the-counter drugs and can cause harm to the fetus.
____ 16. Metabolism is also known as a. biotransformation. b. biometabolism. c. breakdown. d. none of the above. 16. ANS: A Rationale: Metabolism, or biotransformation, means that the medication is gradually transformed to a different form.
____ 17. Lexiva is a drug given in its inactive form and is activated through metabolism to treat HIV. This type of drug is known as a. an inactive drug. b. a prodrug. c. a change drug. d. none of the above. 17. ANS: B Rationale: This category of medications is known as prodrugs. The drug is administered in an inactive form and becomes active through the process of metabolism. It is this metabolite that provides the desired treatment.
____ 18. Routes through which medications are excreted from the body include the a. kidneys. b. lungs. c. bile. d. breast milk. e. kidneys, lungs, bile, and breast milk. 18. ANS: E Rationale: Although the kidneys are the main organs of excretion, smaller amounts of metabolites can be excreted through the lungs, bile, and breast milk.
____ 19. What organ is most commonly responsible for the excretion of medication from the body? a. Kidney b. Liver c. Pancreas d. Intestine 19. ANS: A Rationale: The kidney is the main organ responsible for the excretion of medication metabolites.
____ 20. Which organ is affected when a medication is nephrotoxic? a. Kidney b. Liver c. Pancreas d. Intestine 20. ANS: A Rationale: Nephrotoxic refers to a medication that has a known risk of effects that are toxic to the kidneys.
____ 21. The effect of two medications that is more powerful than if each were taken separately is known as a. antagonism. b. synergism. c. adverse reactions. d. none of the above. 21. ANS: B Rationale: Synergism refers to the effect of a drug combination that is more powerful than if each drug had been taken separately.
____ 22. The administration route with the least risk of side effects is a. systemic. b. transdermal. c. topical. d. systemic, transdermal, and topical. 22. ANS: C Rationale: Topical medications have fewer side effects than systemic and transdermal medications, because they do not enter the bloodstream and stay at the administration site.
____ 23. The form that prescribers are required to file when there is a serious reaction to medications is part of what program? a. The OSHA report program b. The MedWatch program c. The DEA Watch program d. All of these programs require the same form 23. ANS: B Rationale: The MedWatch program requires that a specific form be completed and posted by either Internet or phone. The purpose of the form is to report any serious reactions to the FDA.
____ 24. One symptom of liver damage caused by the effect of medication is a. jaundice. b. tremors. c. headaches. d. jaundice, tremors, and headaches. 24. ANS: A Rationale: Jaundice is one of the major symptoms of liver damage. Early damage is detected by the presence of elevated liver enzymes in the blood prior to this symptom.
____ 25. One way to counteract the GI side effect of diarrhea is to eat a. cheese. b. crackers. c. yogurt. d. fiber. 25. ANS: C Rationale: Yogurt is recommended for preventing the diarrhea that accompanies certain medications, such as antibiotics.
____ 26. One way to counteract the GI side effect of constipation is to add what to your diet? a. Cheese b. Crackers c. Yogurt d. Fiber 26. ANS: D Rationale: Increasing fiber in the diet is recommended to prevent constipation caused by certain medications, such as narcotics and diuretics.
____ 27. Barrier that keeps most medications from reaching the central nervous system a. Blood-placental barrier b. Blood-brain barrier c. Blood-testicular barrier 27. ANS: B
____ 28. Barrier that protects the fetus during pregnancy a. Blood-placental barrier b. Blood-brain barrier c. Blood-testicular barrier 28. ANS: A
____ 29. Barrier that protects the sperm in males a. Blood-placental barrier b. Blood-brain barrier c. Blood-testicular barrier 29. ANS: C
____ 30. Two drugs taken together that can make a drug less powerful a. Agonist b. Antagonist c. Adverse reaction d. Side effects e. Receptors 30. ANS: B
____ 31. Mild reactions to medications, such as nausea and constipation a. Agonist b. Antagonist c. Adverse reaction d. Side effects e. Receptors 31. ANS: D
____ 32. Two drugs taken together to make each work more effectively than when taken alone a. Agonist b. Antagonist c. Adverse reaction d. Side effects e. Receptors 32. ANS: A
____ 33. Sites where medications bind to create a physiologic effect a. Agonist b. Antagonist c. Adverse reaction d. Side effects e. Receptors 33. ANS: E
____ 34. Severe reaction to a medication that may cause a prescriber to change the medication being taken a. Agonist b. Antagonist c. Adverse reaction d. Side effects e. Receptors 34. ANS: C
____ 35. A user-friendly resource that indicates how to administer medications a. (USP/NF) b. (USP/DI) c. Physician’s Desk Reference d. Drug handbook e. Medication package insert 35. ANS: D
____ 36. A comprehensive resource divided into 6 sections, including a full color product identification guide a. (USP/NF) b. (USP/DI) c. Physician’s Desk Reference d. Drug handbook e. Medication package insert 36. ANS: C
____ 37. A resource printed every 5 years that is the official source of medication information for drugs approved by the FDA a. (USP/NF) b. (USP/DI) c. Physician’s Desk Reference d. Drug handbook e. Medication package insert 37. ANS: A
____ 38. The written information that accompanies every medication from the manufacturera. a. (USP/NF) b. (USP/DI) c. Physician’s Desk Reference d. Drug handbook e. Medication package insert 38. ANS: E
____ 39. A resource printed every 5 years that is composed of two volumes: one for the prescriber and one for the laypersona. a. (USP/NF) b. (USP/DI) c. Physician’s Desk Reference d. Drug handbook e. Medication package insert 39. ANS: B
Created by: Malina13
 

 



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