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World History Sem. 1

This is the vocabulary for world history....Chapter 1

TermDefinition
Culture the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next
Artifacts object made by human beings, either hand-made or mass-produced
Hominids Early humans and human like creature
Anthropology the social science that studies the origins and social relationships of human beings
Paleontologists Scientists who study fossils
Archaeologists a person who learns about the human past by studing fossils and artifacts
Australopithecine any of several extinct humanlike small-brained bipedal primates of the genus Australopithecus
Homo-habilis Extinct species of upright east African hominid having some advanced humanlike characteristics
Homo-erectus extinct species of primitive hominid with upright stature but small brain
Homo-sapien human being
Flint-Knapping process of chipping away or applying pressure to create a rough grooved edge
Paleolithic second part of the Stone Age beginning about 750,00 to 500,000 years BC and lasting until the end of the last ice age about 8,500 years BC
Neolithic latest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BC in the middle east (but later elsewhere)
Donald Johansen Found Lucy skeleton (Australopithecus afarensis in Ethiopia) 3.5 million years old
Tom C. Gray saw lucy first
"Lucy" incomplete skeleton of female found in eastern Ethiopia in 1974
Hadar region of Ethiopia where the Gona site is located, with the oldest-known stone tools found dating back to 2.5 million years ago
Laetoli site in Tanzania where hominid footprints were found
Olduvai Gorge a gorge in northeastern Tanzania where anthropologists have found some of the earliest human remains
The Leakey's Early archeological couple to discover remains in Africa.
Jarmo, Iraq Jarmo and the western slopes of Zargos Mountains (Iran) are places in which agriculture developed
Catal Huyuk One of first true cities in history, created in the Neolithic Era in 6500 to 5500 BC, from which were created agriculture, trading, temples, housing, and religions
Domestication the taming of animals for human use, such as work or as food
Irrigation supplying land with water through a network of canals
Band A level of social organization normally consisting of between 20 and 30 people; nomadic hunters and gatherers; labor divided on a gender basis.
Tribe/Clan a group of people united by ties of descent from a common ancestor, community of customs and traditions, adherence to the same leaders
Settlement A permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants.
City a conglomeration of people and buildings clustered together to serve as a center of politics, culture, and economics
Civilization a society with cities, a central government, job specialization, and social classes
Cultural Diffusion The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another
Food Surplus extra food creation that allows people to engage in activities besides farming
Specialization of Labor To train or specialize people in certain areas of work so that people can accomplish tasks quicker
Artisans skilled workers who make goods by hand
Merchants traders
Sumerians People who dominated Southern Mesopotamia through the end of the 3rd Millennium BCE. Responsible for the creation of irrigation technology, cunieform, and religious conceptions.
Ur an ancient city of Sumer located on a former channel of the Euphrates River
Ziggurat a huge mud-brick temple built by the ancient Sumerians
Radio-Carbon Dating a scientific method for determining the age of once living things by measuring the amount of carbon 14 remaining
Bronze Age a period in human history, beginning around 3000 B.C. in some areas, during which people began using bronze, rather than copper or stone, to fashion tools and weapons
Created by: Samanthas1583
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