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Am.Gov.Ch.1.3-4 Q...

American Government Ch. 1.3 - 1.4 Quizlet

QuestionAnswer
Articles Numbered sections of a document. The unamended Constitution is divided into seven articles.
Federalism A system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central (or national) government, and several regional governments.
Senatorial courtesy Custom that senate will not approve a presidential appointment opposed by majority party.
Veto To reject something
Judicial review Power of the courts to determine the constitutionality of the actions of the legislative and executive branches of government
Federalism A system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central government and several local governments (State and City)
Unsonstitutional Contary to constitutional provisions and so illegal, null and void, of no force and effect.
Amendment A change in, or addation to, a constitutional law.
Formal amendment A modification in the constitution brought about through one of four methods set forth in the Constitution. It is actually written and you can see the amendment.
Bill of Rights The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution
Executive agreement Pact made by the President with the head if a foreign state; a binding international agreement with the force of law but which does not require Senate Concent
Electoral College Group of persons chosen in each State and the District of Columbia every four years who make a formal selection of the President and Vice President
Constitutuionalism Principle of government and those who govern must obey.
Treaty Formal agreement between two or more sovereign states.
Popular Sovereingity The government receives its authority to rule from the people. Examples of this is found in Preamble of Constitution with "We the People.." and can also be found in elections.
Seperation of powers Basic principle that the executive, legislative, and judicial powers are divided among 3 independent and coequal branches of government. Each branch is given a specific job.
2 ways to purpose an amendment 1. 2/3 of both chambers of congress 2. National Convention is called upon by Congress when 2/3 of state Legislatures request it.
2 ways to ratify (pass) an Amendment 1. 3/4 of State Legislatures ratify 2. 3/4 of State conventions ratify
Limited Government No government is all-powerful, government may only do the things that the people allow.
6 basic principles of the constitution 1. popular sovereignty 2. Limited Government 3. Seperation of powers 4. Checks and balances 5. Judicial Review 6. Federalism
Legislative Branch of government that makes laws (Congress)
Executive Branch of government that enforces laws (President)
Judicial Branch of Government that interprets laws (Courts)
Article 1, Sect, 8, 18 Clause "Necessary and Proper Clause" also "Elastic Clause" Pandora's Box that created the possibility of implied powers or dramatic Congressional expansion in the size and jurisdiction of the Federal Government
Categorical grants Has many strings attached to it and to state. Requires it to; 1. use for the purpose, 2. make on contribution to the cause, matching the amount or less, 3. Provide agency to administer the grant, 4. Obey the guidlines of the grant
Block grants Less strings attaches and for state and local governments.
Project grants Grants made to stated, local, and sometimes private agencies that apply for the grants. Often used by the Department of Health and Human Services and are among the least restrictive of all the federal grants.
Checks and balances Each branch is subject to a number of constitutional checks (restraints) by other branches. Ex: Congress makes laws, but the President can veto a law (Executive checking Legislative)
Rule of Law Concept that holds that government and its officials are always subject to the law of the land -- not above the law
Division of powers Assigning some powers to the federal government and others to the states/local governments
Full Faith and Credit Clause The Constitution's requirement that each state accepts the public acts, records, and jjudicial proceedings of every other state.
Delegated powers Those powers granted to the National Government by the constitution (expressed, implied, and inherent)
Expressed powers Those delegated powers of the National Government that are spelled out, expressly, or stated in the Constitution; also called the "enumerated powers"
implied powers Delegated powers of the National Government that are suggested by the expressed powers set out in the Constitution; those "necessary and proper" to carry out the experessed powers.
Inheret powers Powers the Constitution is presumed to have delegated to the National Government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world.
Reserved powers Those powers that the constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not, at the same time, deny to the States (reserved for the states/local governments)
Exclusive powers Those powers that can be exercised by the National Government alone.
Concurrent powers Those powers that both the National Government and the Stated possess and exercise.
Enabling act A congressional act directing the people of a United Stated territory to write a proposed State constitutiuon as a step towards admission to the U.S.
Act of admission A Congressional act admiting a new state to the Union
Grant-in-aids program Grants of federal money or other resources to states, cities, countries, and other local units.
Interstate compact Formal agreement entered into with the consent of Congress, between or among States, or between a state and a foreign state.
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