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Atmosphere and Ocean

Vocabulary of Heat,Air/Ocean Currents & Weather

TermDefinition
wind the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure.
Coriolis Effect The deflection of moving objects from a straight path due to Earth's rotation.
global winds the movement of air over the Earth's surface in patterns that are worldwide.
jet stream a narrow band of strong, fast winds high in the upper atmosphere. Each hemisphere has TWO jet streams.
local wind the movement of air over short distances. the winds are usually affected by local landforms, such as mountains).
ocean current the movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern.
surface current movements of ocean water that occur at or near the surface. Surface winds are usually the mechanism that causes surface currents.
deep current movement of ocean water far below the surface.
convection current a movement of fluids that result from differences in density. The difference in density is caused usually by heating.
upwelling warm, surface waters are replaced by cold, nutrient-rich waters from below due to surface winds which cause surface currents to move from shore.
weather the short-term state of our atmosphere at any given time or place.
El Nino is a periodic change characterized by above-average ocean temperatures across the Pacific Ocean.
La Nina is a periodic change characterized which below-average ocean temperatures occur in the eastern Pacific Ocean.
weather forecasting the analysis of scientific data to predict future weather.
meteorology the study of weather and Earth's atmosphere.
station model is a set of meteorological symbols that represent the weather at a particular observing station.
climate the long-term pattern of weather and changes in the atmosphere over a year, or more.
radiation Type of heat transfer. The transfer of energy through matter or space as electromagnetic waves, such as visible light or infrared waves.
convection Type of heat transfer. The transfer of thermal energy (heat) through circulating motion caused by the heating and cooling of fluids (liquids and gases), causing convection currents
conduction Type of heat transfer. The transfer of thermal energy (heat) through a matter to matter transfer. (ex. Pan on a electric hot plate, or stove).
heat capacity The amount of heat a substance or material can absorb and how fast that transfer of heat happens. (Remember the water and iron!)
Created by: arcruse4
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