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1 - Algorithms
Problem Solving with Algorithms and Data Structures(Python)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abstract data type | a logical description of how we view the data and the operations that are allowed without regard to how they will be implemented |
| abstraction | tool that allows us to view the problem and solution in such a way as to separate the so-called logical and physical perspectives |
| algorithm | a step-by-step list of instructions for solving any instance of the problem that might arise |
| class | a description of what the data look like (the state) and what the data can do (the behavior) |
| computable | if an algorithm exists for solving it |
| data abstraction | “black box” view of a process; using an already implemented solution |
| data structure | implementation of an abstract data type |
| data type | provides an interpretation for this binary data so that we can think about the data in terms that make sense with respect to the problem being solved |
| deep equality | equality by the same value |
| dictionary | collection of associated pairs of items where each pair consists of a key and a value |
| encapsulation | providing a level of abstraction where we are concerned only with what the data is representing and not with how it will eventually be constructed |
| exception | runtime error |
| format operator | %, used with strings |
| formatted strings | a template in which words or spaces that will remain constant are combined with placeholders for variables that will be inserted into the string |
| HAS-A relationship | relationship where one class is an instance variable of another class (no inheritance exists) |
| implementation-independence | allows the programmer to switch the details of the implementation without changing the way the user of the data interacts with it |
| information hiding | encapsulating the details of the implementation |
| inheritance | the ability for one class to be related to another class; a child class is related to a parent class |
| inheritance hiearchy | graphical representation of an IS-A Relationship |
| interface | functions provided by computer scientists to allow interaction with the computer |
| IS-A relationship | the parent/child or superclass/subclass relationship that allows the inheritance of characteristics and behaviors |
| list | an ordered collection of zero or more references to Python data objects |
| list comprehension | a method for creating a list that uses iteration and selection constructs |
| method | a function that takes a class instance as its first parameter; a member of a class |
| mutability | the ability to be modified |
| object | data items that are an instance of a class |
| procedural abstraction | hiding the details of any computation by defining a function |
| programming | process of taking an algorithm and encoding it into a notation, a programming language, so that it can be executed by a computer |
| prompt | single string parameter given to Python’s input function |
| self | a special parameter that will always be used as a reference back to the object itself |
| shallow equality | occurs when two objects are references to the same object |
| simulation | an application used to imitate a real-world process |
| string | sequential collection of zero or more letters, numbers and other symbols |
| subclass | inherits characteristic data and behavior |
| superclass | provides characteristic data and behavior |
| truth table | graphical representation showing the input-to-output mapping of values |
Created by:
shoemaker
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