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Chapter 23

Industrialization and Nationalism

QuestionAnswer
The social change brought about by the Industrial Revolution was evident in the emergence of the middle class and the working class.
Two leaders of Italian unification were Bismarck and William I.
The Industrial Revolution started in Britain partly because its rivers provided transportation and power.
One reason Great Britain led the way in the Industrial Revolution was that it had a lot of money and natural resources.
Foreign investors ensured their continued domination of the Latin American economy by draining raw materials from Latin American countries while keeping them dependent on manufactured goods.
 The harsh conditions created by the Industrial Revolution gave rise to a movement toward socialism.
 Why did coal production expand greatly during the Industrial Revolution? Coal was needed to produce iron and to run steam engines.
The Frankfurt Assembly failed to achieve German unification.
Industrialization spread rapidly in both Europe and the United States thanks to railroads.
The effect of the Crimean War was to destroy the Concert of Europe.
The revolutionary outbursts in Europe in the 1830s and 1840s were sparked by attitudes of nationalism.
The factory created a new labor system in which workers had to work regular hours and perform repetitive tasks.
 How did the railroads guarantee the success of the Industrial Revolution? Goods could be moved faster from the factories to the places they would be sold.
spinning jenny invention that improved thread production
steam engine machine powered by coal, making it possible to locate factories anywhere, including away from rivers
capital supply of money
industrial capitalism economic system based on industrial production
Miguel Hidalgo Mexican priest who led native people in a revolt against Spanish rule
Giuseppe Garibaldi leader in the struggle for Italian unification
Benito Juárez initiated reforms in Mexican government, including redistribution of land to the poor
James Watt improved the steam engine
Símon Bolívar led revolts against Spanish rule in Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador
entrepreneur A person who finds new business opportunities and new ways to make profits.
puddling The process in which coke derived from coal is used to burn away impurities in crude iron to produce high quality iron.
socialism A system in which society, usually in the form of government, owns and controls the means of production.
multinational empire An empire in which people of many nationalities live.
radical Relating to a political group associated with views, practices, and policies of extreme change.
militarism The reliance of military strength.
emancipation The act of setting free.
abolitionism A movement to end slavery.
cash crop A crop that is grown for sale, rather than personal use.
caudillo A strong leader who ruled by military force with the support of landed elite.
secularization Indifference to or rejection of religious considerations.
natural selection The principle that some organisms are more adaptable to the environment then others.
The industrial revolution began in Great Britain
Population in__________ areas increased as a result of the industrial revolution. urban
James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny.
_____________ unified in response to nationalism, during the 19th century. Germany and Italy
___________ became the first independent state in Latin America. Haiti
______________, president of the United States, declared the Monroe Doctrine to keep European powers out of Latin America. James Monroe,
________________ envisioned a federation of states for Latin America. Simon Bolivar
Created by: m0llymarie
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