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Mental Health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Catatonia | immobility or rigidity |
| Stereotypy | repetition of fixed patterns of movement and speech |
| psychomotor agitation | excessive motor and cognitive activity, nonproductive |
| hyperactivity | restless, agressive, destructive activity |
| psychomotor retardation | slowed motor and cognitive activity |
| akathisia | state of restlessness, urgent need for movement |
| ataxia | irregularity or failure of muscle coordination upon movement |
| circumstantiality | speech that is delayed in reaching the point, excessive and irrelevant details |
| tangentiality | abrupt changing of focus to a loosely associated topic |
| perseveration | persistent focus on a previous topic after a new topic of bejavior has been introduced |
| flight of ideas | rapid shifts in thought |
| thought blocking | interruption of a thought process before it is carried through to completion |
| loosening of associations | disorder of logical progression of thoughts where unrelated and unconnected ideas shift from one subject to another |
| delusions | false beliefs about external reality without an appropriate stimulus that cannot be explained by intelligence or cultre |
| compulsions | need to act on specific impulses to relieve anxiety |
| obsessessions | constitute persistent thought or feeling that cannot be eliminated by logical thought |
| concrete thinking | characterized by actual things, events and immediate experience, inability to think abstractly |
| pressured speech | rapdi and increased in amount, difficult to understand or interrupt |
| poverty of speech | limited in amount, one word answers |
| nonspontaneous speech | responses only when spoken to directly |
| expressive aphasia | brocas, disturbance in which the individuals knows what he wants to say but cannot say it |
| receptive aphasia | wernickes, loss of individuals ability to comprehend what has been said |
| nominal aphasia | inability to name objects |
| global aphasia | all forms of aphasia |
| hallucinations | false sensory perceptions that are not inresponse to an external stimulus |
| illusions | misperceptions or misinterpretations of real sensory events |
| agnosia | inability to understand and interpret the significance of sensory input |
| visual agnosia | inability to recognize people or objects |
| astereognosis | inability to identify objects through touch |
| apraxia | inability to carry out motor tasks in absence of sensory or motor impairment |
| adiadochokinesia | inability to perform rapidly alternating movements |
| depersonalization | subjective sensation of unreality about oneself or the environment |
| derealization | subjective sense that environment is unreal |
| fugue | state of serious depersonalization often involving travel or relocation and taking on a new identity |
| dissociation | separation of group of mental or behavioral processes from the rest of the persons psychic activity |
| schizophrenia criterion A | 2 or more, delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, negative symptoms |
| schizophrenia criterion B | disturbance in 1+ areas of function |
| schizophrenia criterion C | continous signs for 6 months with 1 month that meet criterion A |
| positive symptoms | excesses or distortions of normal function, disorganized or catatonic behavior |
| negative symptoms | loss or absence of function restricted emotion (affect) difficulty in experiencing pleasure (anhedonia) decreased thought and speech (alogia) lack of energy and intiative inability to relate to others |
| schizphrenia paranoid | preoccupation with one or more delusions auditory hallucinations fewer negative symptoms |
| schizophrenia disorganized | marked regression-- primitive disinhibited and disorganized behavior |
| schizophrenia catatonic | severe disturbances in motor behavior, stupor, negativism, rigidity, excitement, posturing |
| schizophrenia undifferentiated | those who dont fit in another category |
| schizophreniform disorder | meets criteria for schizophrenia, episode lasts more than 1 month but less than 6 months |
| schizoaffective disorder | uninterrupted period of illness with depression, manic, or mized with concurrent symptoms of criterion A |
| delusional disorder | non bizarre delusions with absence of other criterion A symptoms |
| brief psychotic disorder | at least 1 day but less than 1 month of criterion A symptoms |
| Bipolar 1 disorder | one or more manic episodes |
| Bipolar 2 disorder | one or more major depressive episodes must be at least 1 hypomanic episode |
| dysthymia | 2 years of depressed mood, not severe enough to meet symptoms for major depressive |
| cyclothymic | 2 years with numerous periods of hypomanic and depressive symptoms that dont meeet criteria |
| Manic episode | distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood lasting at least 1 week |
| Manic symptoms | inflated self esteem, dec need for sleep, more talkative than usual, flight of ideas, distractibility, inc in goal directed activity, psychomotor agitation, excessive involvement in pleasurable activity, dress, gambling, promiscuity, irritable, suicidal |
| Major depressive episode | 2 week period of depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure |
| Major depressive symptoms | depressed mood most of day diminished interest weight loss or gain insomnia or hypersomnia psychomotor retardation/agitation fatigue feeling of guilt/unworthy decreased ability to concentrate suicidal thoughts |
| substance dependence | tolerance and withdrawal |
| panic attacks | accelerated heart rate sweating trembling/shaking SOB feeling of choking chest pain/discomfort nausea dizzy, unsterady, lightheaded, faint derealization/depersonalization fear of losing control fear of dying paresthesias chills or hot flashes |
| Cluster A personality | paranoid, schoizoid, schizotypal odd and eccentric |
| Cluster B personality | antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic dramatic, emotional, and erratic |
| Cluster C personality | avoidant, dependent, obsessive compulsive, NOS anxious and fearful |
| paranoid personality | suspicous and distrust of others hostile, irritable, angry |
| schizoid personality | social withdrawal, discomfort with interaction, eccentric, isolated, lonely |
| schizotypal personality | odd or strange in thinking and behavior magical thinking, peculiar ideas, ideas of reference, illusions, and derealization |
| antisocial personality | antisocial or criminal acts, inability to conform to social norms, no regard for safety or feelings of others, lack remorse |
| borderline personality | unstable affect, mood, behavior, relationships, and self-image fear of real or imagined abandonment lead to frantic efforts to avoid it self-destructive or self-mutilating history of trauma |
| histrionic personality | colorful, dramatic, extroverted inability to maintain deep long lasting attachments flamboyant presentation |
| narcissistc personality | heightened sense of self-importance and grandiose feelings |
| avoidant personality | extreme sensitivity to rejection great desire for companionship but think they are unworthy need strong and repeated guarantees of uncritical acceptance |
| dependent personality | discomfort when alone lack self-confidence |
| obsessive compulsive personality | orderly, perseverance, stubborn, indecisive perfectionist and inflexible |
| dementia | disturbance of memory and cognitive aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, executive function |
| oppositional defiant disorder | negativistc, hostile, defiant behaviors |
| conduct disorder | desregard for rights of others leading to aggression and violent acts |
| autism | impaired social interaction-- difficulty communicating-- stereotyped behaviors-- |
| Social interaction symptoms for autism | nonverbal, relating to others, lack of spontaneous social seeking behaviors, lack of social reciprocation |
| Communication symptoms for autism | initiating having convo, lack of initiation, steretyped echolalia, lack of play |
| Repetitive stereotyped behaviors for autism | nonfunctional routines repetitive motor actions restrictive fixation on parts of a whole rigid observance of nonfunctional routines or behavioral patterns |
| Aspergers | difficulty with social interaction, restricted interest and behaviors, clumsiness, adequate language and the level of social interaction differs from autism |
| rett's syndrome | deterioration of language, recpetive and expressive, social skills plateau at 6 month to 1 year level motor deterioration--loss of purposeful hand movements, hand wringing, licking, biting, slapping fingers muscle tone--hypotonic progresses to spastic |
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