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Set 14
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Original jurisdiction | cases heard by the Supreme Court that do not come on appeal and that "affect ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party. |
| Public Law | includes constitutional law (cases involving constitutional issues), and administrative law (cases involving disputes over the jurisdiction of public or administrative agencies). |
| Special courts | courts created by Congress to deal with cases deriving from the delegated powers of Congress such as military appeals, tax appeals, and veteran appeals. |
| Stare decisis | Latin for judicial precedent, this concept originated in England in the twelfth century when judges settled disputes based on custom and tradition. |
| Writ of certiorari | Latin for "to be made more certain," the process in which the Supreme Court accepts written briefs on appeal based on the "rule of four" justices voting to hear the case. |
| Acquisitive bureaucracies | organizations that are self-perpetuating and demand funding that will result in the continued existence of the agency. |
| Bureaucracies | large administrative agencies reflecting a hierarchical authority, job specialization, and rules and regulations that drive them. |
| Civil Service Reform Act (1978) | replaced the Civil Service Commission with the Office of Personnel Management and the Merit Systems Protection Board. These agencies are responsible for enforcing existing civil service laws, coordinating applicant testing, making pay scales, and appointi |
| Division of labor | skilled workers each have a specialized function, resulting in increased productivity. |
| Government corporation | such as the Tennessee Valley Authority, created during the New Deal, having specific responsibilities that facilitate a specific operation of the government. |
| Hatch Act (1939) | law that places restrictions on the kind of political activity a federal employee may participate in. |
| Independent regulatory agencies | agencies that are quasi legislative and quasi judicial in nature and operation. Examples include the Food and Drug Administration and Environmental Protection Agency. |
| Iron triangle network | the interrelationship among bureaucracies, the government, interest groups, and the public, which also establishes a pattern of relationships among an agency in the executive branch, Congress, and one or more outside clients of that agency. |
| Monopolistic bureaucracies | organizations where there is no competitive equal, such as the Social Security Administration, that also exists in the private sector. Thus the citizen is forced to deal with that particular government agency. |
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