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ch 27
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The composition of blood is: | 55% plasma, 45% formed elements. |
| A hematocrit of 45% means that in every 100 mL of whole blood: | there are 45 mL of red blood cells and 55 mL of plasma. |
| Reduced red blood cell numbers cause: | anemia. |
| Which of the following formed elements carry oxygen? | erythrocytes |
| All formed elements arise from which stem cell? | hemocytoblast |
| Hematocrit and packed cell volume (PCV) are synonymous terms. T or F | True |
| A reticulocyte count can indicate to a physician the rate of leukocyte formation. T or F | False |
| Oxygen deficiency increases RBC numbers by increasing the secretion of erythropoietin by the kidneys. T or F | True |
| The life span of circulating RBCs is about 10 to 12 days. T or F | False |
| Heme is broken down into iron and amino acids for use in the synthesis of new RBCs. T or F | False |
| Plasma is a pale yellow fluid that accounts for more than half of the blood volume. T or F | True |
| Serum is whole blood minus the clotting elements. T or F | True |
| Synthesis of plasma proteins occurs in the spleen. T or F | False |
| The mature erythrocyte does not contain ribosomes, mitochondria, and other organelles typical of most body cells. T or F | True |
| The final step in RBC formation is called erythropoiesis. T or F | False |
| A person with antibody A in his or her plasma would have which blood type? | type B |
| People with type O blood are considered to be universal donors because their blood contains: | neither A nor B antigens on their RBCs. |
| A blood type and crossmatch is performed prior to transfusion. If this procedure is not completed: | the blood may agglutinate, blood lysis may occur, and/or a transfusion reaction may occur. |
| _____ _____ blood is considered to be the universal recipient. | Type AB |
| Type AB blood contains both the A and B _________ on the RBC membrane. | Antigen |
| Blood does not normally contain the anti-Rh __________, but they may appear in the blood of an Rh-negative mother during certain circumstances. | Antibodies |
| _____ classification of leukocytes that contain cytoplasmic granules | granulocytes |
| _____ most numerous leukocytes | neutrophils |
| ______ granulocytes that release heparin and histamine | basophils |
| ______ granulocytes that protect against infections from parasitic worms and allergic reactions | eosinophils |
| ______ agranulocytes that produce antibodies | lymphocytes |
| ______ agranulocytes that can enter tissue spaces as macrophages | monocytes |
| ______ cell fragments that function in blood clotting and hemostasis | platelets |
| ______ cells from which platelets are formed | megakaryocytes |
| ______ classification of leukocytes without cytoplasmic granules | agranulocytes |
| ______ classification of formed elements that are nucleated cells lacking hemoglobin | leukocytes |
| Which of the following is not a critical component of coagulation? | fibrinolysis |
| For prothrombin to be synthesized by the liver, an adequate amount of which vitamin is required? | vitamin K |
| Which of the following does not hasten clotting? | heparin |
| _________ is an excess of RBCs. | polycythemia |
| _________ _______ often results from the destruction of bone marrow by drugs, toxic chemicals, or radiation. | Aplastic anemia |
| An anemia resulting from a dietary deficiency of vitamin B12 is _______ ________ | pernicious anemia |
| An example of a hemolytic anemia is _____ _____ _____ | sickle cell anemia |
| ________ refers to an abnormally low WBC count. | leukopenia |
| A(n) __________ is a stationary clot. | thrombus |
| A circulating clot is a(n) ________ | embolus |
| _________ is a type of X-linked inherited disorder that results from a failure to form blood-clotting factor VIII, IX, or XI. | hemophilia |
| Leukemia is characterized by a low number of WBCs. T or F | False |
| Deficiency in the number or function of erythrocytes is called: | anemia |
| Which of the following statements does not describe a characteristic of leukocytes? | They are disc-shaped cells that do not contain a nucleus. |
| Which of the following substances is not found in serum? | clotting factors |
| An allergic reaction may increase the number of: | eosinophils. |
| What is a blood clot that is moving through the body called? | embolism |
| When could difficulty with the Rh blood factor arise? | Rh-negative woman and an Rh-positive man produce a child |
| What is the primary function of hemoglobin? | carry oxygen |
| blood is the key component of the body’s heat-regulating mechanism. T or F | True |
| what percent of the blood plasma is albumin? | 57% |
| A chief variable affecting blood volume is the amount of body fat: the less fat in the body, the ____ blood per kilogram of body weight | more |
| ____ ____ varies according to age, body type, sex, and method of measurement. | Blood volume |
| The _____ is also known as the packed cell volume | hematocrit |
| _____ is liquid minus the blood cells - 55% | Plasma |
| Erythropoiesis: | Entire process of RBC formation |
| In response to decreased blood oxygen, the kidneys release _____ | erythropoietin |
| _____ is a hormone produced by the kidney. Promotes the formation of red blood cells by the bone marrow | erythropoietin |
Created by:
alucero