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Cardiovascular

Lesson 1 Cardiovascular System

QuestionAnswer
LIST THE FOUR CHAMBERS OF THE HEART, AND SPECIFY WHICH IS UPPER AND LOWER. The right and left atrium upper chamber that collect blood as it flows into the heart. The right and left ventricles lower chambers that pump blood out of the heart to the lungs or other parts of the body.
LIST THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE ENDOCARDIUM, MYOCARDIUM, PERICARDIUM, AND THE EPICARDIUM. EPICARDIUM; is the outermost layer of the heart. MYOCARDIUM; the muscle tissue of the heart. ENDOCARDIUM; smooth membrane that lines the 4 chambers and valves of the heart. PERICARDIUM; the membrane enclosing the heart.
LIST THE THREE DIFFERENT KINDS OF BLOOD VESSELS IN THE BODY. The ARTERIES, carry blood away from the heart; The VEINS are large vessels which carry blood back to the heart; The CAPILLARIES are the smallest blood vessels, they are the site for exchange of nutrients & waste between circulation and body.
WHAT IS THE LARGEST ARTERY IN THE BODY? The aorta
WHAT ARE THE SMALLEST BLOOD VESSELS INT THE BODY? The capillaries
LIST THE FOUR VALVES IN THE HEART. The MITRAL or BICUSPID valve and TRICUSPID valve, which control the blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. The AORTIC valve and PULMONARY valve, which control blood flow out of the ventricles.
ARTERIES CARRY BLODD ---FROM THE HEART. VEINS CARRY BLOOD ----TO THE HEART. ARTERIES carry oxygen and nutrients away from the heart. VEINS carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
WHAT IS KNOWN AS "PACEMAKER" OF THE HEART? The sinoatrial (SA) node.
WHAT ARE SMALLER BRANCHES OF ARTERIES CALLED? Arterioles
WHAT ARE SMALL VEINS CALLED? Venules
WHAT IS THE MOST ABUNDANT PLASMA PROTEIN THAT KEEPS WATER IN THE BLOOD FROM FLOWING INTO SURROUNDING TISSUES OF THE BODY? Albumin
IF A PATIENT HAS A BACTERIAL INFECTION, WHICH CELLS IN THE BODY WOULD PERFORM PHAGOCYTOSIS TO ENGULF AND DESTROY THE BACTERIA? Neutrophils
WHAT IS THE FLUID PORTION OF THE PLASMA THAT REMAINS WHEN CLOTTING FACTORS IN THE PLASMA ARE ACTIVATED TO FORM A BLOOD CLOT? Serum
WHAT CELLS ARE ACTIVATED IN THE BLOOD CLOTTING PROCESS? Thrombocytes or platelets
WHAT IS PLASMA? A clear, straw-colored fluid portion of blood that remains after red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and other cellular components are removed.
WHAT ARE THE MOST NUMEROUS TYPE OF BLOOD CELLS? Red blood or erythrocyte cells
LIST THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF LEUKOCYTES. Neutrophils, Basophils, Eosinophils, Monocytes and Lymphocytes, Leikocytes.
WHAT CAN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE DETECT AND DESTROY? Bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, protoza. fungi, yeast and substances that appear foreign and harmful.
WHAT DOES THE SPLEEN DO FOR THE BODY? It acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system. Old red blood cells are recycled in the spleen, and platelets and white blood cells are stored there. REMOVES AND RECYCLES OLD ERYTHROCYTES.
WHAT IS A RED BLOOD CELL THAT IS VERY SMALL AND ABNORMAL? Microcytic
Created by: Lizbeth Romo
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