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POLS 203-Ch. 2

Ch. 2 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Mayflower Compact a document drawn up by Pilgrim leaders in 1620 on the ship Mayflower. The document stated that laws were to be made for the general good of the people.
Bill of Rights the first ten amendments to the US Constitution. They list the freedoms – such as the freedoms of speech, press, and religion – that a citizen enjoys and that cannot be infringed on by the government.
First Continental Congress a gathering of delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies, held in 1774 to protest the Coercive Acts.
Second Continental Congress the congress of the colonies that met in 1775 to assume the powers of a central government and to establish an army.
Unicameral legislature a legislature with only one chamber.
Confederation a league of independent states that are united only for the purpose of achieving common goals.
Articles of Confederation the nation’s first constitution, which established a national form of government following the American Revolution. The articles provided for a confederal form of government in which the central government had few powers.
Shay's Rebellion a rebellion of angry farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786, led by former Revolutionary War captain Daniel Shays.
Constitutional Convention the convention of delegates from the states that was held in Philadelphia in 1787 for the purpose of amending the AOC. In fact, the delegates wrote a new constitution (the US Constitution) that established a federal form of government.
Bicameral Legislature a legislature made up of two chambers, or parts.
Three-Fifths Compromise a compromise reached during the Constitutional Convention by which three-fifths of all slaves were to be counted for purposes of representation in the House of Representatives.
Great Compromise a plan for a bicameral legislature in which one chamber would be biased on population and the other chamber would represent each state equally.
Interstate Commerce trade that involves more than one state.
Federalists a political group, led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams, that supported the adoption of the Constitution and the creation of a federal form of government.
Anti-Federalists a political group that opposed the adoption of the Constitution.
Faction a group of individuals forming a cohesive minority.
Tyranny the arbitrary or unrestrained exercise of power by an oppressive individual or government.
Rule of Law a basic principal of government that requires those who govern to act in accordance with established law.
Federal system/Federalism a form of government that provides for a division of powers between a central government and several regional governments.
Commerce Clause the clause in Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution that gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce (commerce involving more than one state).
Madisonian Model the model of government devised by James Madison, in which the powers of the government are separated into three branches: legislative, executive and judicial.
Separation of Powers the principal of dividing governmental powers among the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government.
Checks and Balances a major principal of American government in which each of the three branches is given the means to check (to restrain or balance) the actions of the others.
Veto Power a constitutional power that enables the chief executive (president or governor) to reject legislation with reasons for the rejection. This either prevents or delays the bill from becoming law.
Created by: Maddyjo
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