Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
APUSGOV Unit Four
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| public opinion | the distribution of the population's beliefs about politics and policy issues |
| minority majority | the situation, likely beginning in the mid 21st century, in which non-Hispanic whites will represent a minority of the US population and minority groups together will represent a majority |
| realignment | a period when a major, lasting shift occurs in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties, usually as a result of shifting party priorities/values |
| political socialization | the process though which individuals in a society acquire political attitudes, views, and knowledge |
| exit polls | public opinion surveys used by major media pollsters to predict electoral winner with speed and precision |
| gender gap | the regular pattern in which women are more likely to support Democratic candidates |
| civil disobedience | a form of political participation based on a conscious decision to break a law believed to be unjust |
| mass media | TV, radio, newspapers, magazines, Internet, and other means of popular communication |
| high-tech (digital) politics | a politics in which the behavior of citizens and policymakers and the political agenda itself are increasingly shaped by technology |
| selective exposure | the process through which people consciously choose to get the news from sources that have viewpoints compatible with their own |
| party polarization | the growing gap between the stands of the parties on policy issues |
| political party | a team seeking to control the governing apparatus by gaining office in elections |
| linkage institutions | the institutions that connect the people to the government by creating channels through which political issues become the policy agenda |
| rational choice theory | a theory that assumes individuals act in their own best interest, carefully weighing the costs and benefits of possible alternatives |
| closed primaries | elections to select party nominees in which only people who have registered in advance with the party can vote |
| open primaries | elections to select party nominees in which voters can decide on election day whether they want to participate in the Democratic or Republican contests |
| patronage | giving a job, promotion, or contract for political reasons; one of the key inducements used by party machines |
| dealignment | the gradual disengagement of people from the parties, seen by shrinking party identification |
| proportional system | an electoral system that awards seats to the political parties in proportion to the number of votes won in an election |
| winner-take-all system | an electoral system in which seats are awarded only to the candidates who come in first |
| caucus | a system for selecting convention delegates used in about a dozen states in which voters must attend an open meeting to express their presidential preference |
| primary | an election in which a state's voters go to the polls to express their presidential preference |
| independent expenditures | expenses on behalf of a political message that are made by groups that are not coordinated with any candidate's campaign |
| campaign contributions | donations made directly to a candidate or party and must be reported to the FEC |
| political action committee (PAC) | a group that raises money from individuals and distributes it in the form of contributions to candidates that the group support. PACs must register and report their donations to the FEC. |
| SuperPACs | independent expenditure-only groups that may accept donations of any size and can endorse candidates. Their contributions and expenditures must be reported to the FEC |
| electoral college | a group of people chosen by the states to elect the president; a state's number of electors = their number of senators + their number of representatives in Congress |
| interest group | an organization of people with a shared policy goal or goals, who enter the policy process to try to achieve their goals |
| iron triangles (aka interest networks) | iron triangles consist of interest groups, government agencies. and congressional committees that have a mutually dependent, mutually advantageous relationship |
| horse race journalism | political journalism of elections that resembles coverage of horse races because of the focus on polling data, public perception instead of candidate policy, and almost exclusive reporting on candidate differences rather than similarities. |
| lobbying | communication by someone other than a citizen acting on his or her own behalf directed at a governmental decision-maker with the hope of influencing his or her decision |
| general election | an election in which party nominees compete and members of a given political body are chosen |
| retrospective voting | voting based on the past performance of a candidate or party |
| prospecting voting | voting based on what a candidate pledges to do in the future about an issue if elected. |
| party-line voting | voting solely for candidates from a particular political party |
| single-issue voting | voting based on candidates' positions on one particular issue |
| 15th Amendment | universal male suffrage; men over 21 have the right to vote regardless of race, ethnicity, etc... |
| 19th Amendment | female suffrage; women over 21 have the right to vote |
| 24th Amendment | bans poll taxes |
| 26th Amendment | lowers the voting age from 21 to 18 |
Created by:
missmurdough
Popular American Government sets