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Chapter 13 Terms

The Reformation and Religious Wars

TermDefinition
Protestant Reformation Religious revolution started by Luther, separated Catholics from Protestants permanently
Christian Humanism Intellectual movement that took Italian Renaissance and humanist ideas and combined them with Christian thought
Erasmus Christian humanist that sought to reform the Church by translating the Bible and pointing out corruption of the Catholic Church
Martin Luther A monk who wanted to reform the church but ended up breaking from it, posted the 95 Theses in Wittenburg because of indulgences
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Grandson of Maximilian who wanted to preserve his dynasty's control over the empire and Catholic unity in Europe
Anabaptists Radical sect of Christianity whose followers believed that their religion should be voluntary and in separation of church and state
Henry VIII English king who wanted a divorce with Catherine of Aragon and split with the Catholic Church to do so, one of the 'New Monarchs'
John Calvin Second generation reformer that wished to completely reform the church from the ground up, sovereignty of God and predestination
Catholic Reformation Revived bets features of Medieval Catholicism and adjusted them to modern times, in response to Protestant Reformation
Jesuit Order Founded by Ignatius of Loyola, an educated order used by the Catholics to fight Protestantism and spread Catholicism
Council of Trent Council of high church officials that reaffirmed Catholic doctrine when faced by Protestantism
French Wars of Religion Civil wars in France between 1562-1598, Catholics against Huguenots
Elizabeth I Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, politique, cautious and careful in decisions on religion and foreign policy
Spanish Armada Spanish Fleet sent to England because of English involvement in the Netherlands, defeated by the English
Sir Thomas More Christian humanist and lord chancellor in England, executed by Henry VIII, author of "Utopia"
Indulgences Pieces of paper once sold by the Catholic Church to guarantee people less time in Purgatory
Nepotism Giving Catholic positions to family members
Simony The selling of sacred objects
Pluralism Holding more than one position in the church
Absenteeism Not being present in your positions in the Church
Peace of Augsburg(1555) Signed by Catholic Church and German princes, legitimized Lutheranism and "His Region, His Religion"
St, Teresa of Avila Spainish nun who experienced mystical visions from God and those experiences led her to an active life in Catholicism
Ursulines A missionary order of nuns
Roman Inquisition Established to combat heresy and reassure Catholic doctrine
Index of Forbidden Books A list of book banned by the Catholic Church, mostly Protestant books
Spanish Inquisition The most active of the Inquisitions, purged Jews and Muslims out of Spain during the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella
Huguenots French Calvinists, around 40-50% of nobility
Puritans English Protestants who wished to remove all traces of Catholicism from the Church of England, different than Seperatists
Catherine de Medici Queen of France and regent for her sons, looked for religious compromise in French wars of Religion, politique
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre August 24, several thousand Huguenots died when attending a wedding supposed to end the struggle
War of the Three Henrys Struggle between Henry III, King of France, Henry Guise and Henry of Navarre. The King sided with Henry of Navarre, Protestant
Henry IV of France Henry of Navarre, converted to Catholicism when gained the throne, officially ended wars
Edict of Nantes(1598) Ended the French wars of Religion, granted Huguenots the rights to worship in France
Phillip II King of Spain, strictly Catholic king and wanted to make Spain a dominate power, bad relations with Elizabeth I
Women as preachers A Protestant idea that started during the Reformation, but did not fully develop then
Created by: Alex_Hayes
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