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History Chapter 3
Chapter 3 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did the Spanish Conquistadors treat the Tainos? | The Spanish treated them harshly. They assaulted men and women, claimed their land for Spain, and killed any Taino who resisted. |
| What Impact did the Aztecs' religious beliefs have on Cortes' approach to Tenochtitlan? | The leader, Moctezuma, thought the light-skinned might be an Aztec god-king named Quetzalcoatl, who had vowed to return from the east. Because he couldn't be sure that Cortes was not this god, he sent gifts to him. |
| What factors encouraged Spanish success in Peru? | Cortes' success encouraged other adventurers. The Spanish overran the Inca's with superior weapons. Also, the Inca's immunity were unable to fight the diseases that the Spanish exposed them to. |
| In what ways did the Native Americans resist Europeans? | Through revolts, and by preserving their language, customs, religious traditions, and clothing. |
| What was the encomienda system? | Forced labor by the conquistadors; type of slave system of the Native Americans; brutal conditions; killed those who resisted |
| What was the role of the Church in colonial education? | In order to meet the needs of the church to have educated priests, Christian universities were created. Women were educated in convents. |
| What was Brazil's economy based on? | Portugal gave land grants to Portuguese nobles; plantations were created and "brazilwood" was used for a valuable dye and exported. |
| Why did French settlers abandon farming in favor of fur trapping and trading? | Because there was a high demand for furs in Europe; this provided a good income. |
| For what reasons were the English colonies established? | For a variety of reasons: commercial ventures for a profit; havens for persecuted religious groups; gifts from English kings to loyal supporters. |
| Why was the French and Indian War fought? | Britain and France fought over the land in the Ohio River territory; the war spread to colonies world wide. This was to protect and expand their interests in acquiring more land. |
| How did triangular trade affect colonial economies? | Merchants made a lot of money; Colonial economies were affected by ship building; port cities thrived because of strong trade. |
| How did enslaved Africans resist captivity? | They tried to seize control of the ship and in some cases, committed suicide by starving or hanging themselves or jumping overboard. |
| How did the slave trade affect Africans? | They died or lived under brutal conditions. |
| Why did the global population explode? | The dispersal of new food crops from the Americas was a key factor; The Columbian Exchange also sparked the migration of millions of people; also the Atlantic slave trade brought millions of Africans to the Americas. |
| How did the "putting-out" system work? | Enterprising capitalists bypassed the guilds - which was a way to control the manufacture of goods and enforced strict rules on quality, prices, , and working conditions. This was first used on the textile industry. |
| How did economic changes affect different Europeans? | It took generations and sometimes centuries for economic change to occur in the majority of Europe. Merchants and skilled workers in the growing cities thrived while the middle class lived a comfortable life. |
| Name Spain's two major settlements in the Americas | Mexico and Peru (to find gold) |
| Name Portugal's major settlement in the Americas | Brazil (to establish settlements and plantations) |
| Name France's major settlement in the Americas | New France (easter Canada) (to fur trade and fish) |
| Name England's major settlement in the Americas | 13 colonies of the U.S. (various reasons - settlements, profit, and religious) |
| What was the Columbian Exchange? | Foods, ideas, technologies, and diseases are exchanged between the hemispheres resulting in population growth. |
| Define inflation | Rising prices occur along with an increase in the money supply |
| Define Price Revolution | Rising prices are coupled with inflation |
| Define capitalism | People invest money to make a profit. |
| Define mercantilism | European countries adopt mercantilist policies - such as establishing colonies, increasing exports, and limiting imports - to compete for trade and empire. |
Created by:
tacraw74