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Quiz Bowl Gotta Know
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The Spanish Tragedy | English play by Thomas Kyd in 1585. The Spanish Tragedy pioneered genre the revenge tragedy. |
| The Jew of Malta | English play by Christopher Marlowe in 1589. is thought to have influenced Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice. |
| Doctor Faustus | English play by Christopher Marlowe, c. 1593. Two scholars named Valdes and Cornelius teach Faustus how to summon a demon |
| Every Man in His Humour | English play by Ben Jonson in 1598. Set in Jonson’s contemporary London, this comedy is a “humors play,” in which each character is a stock type governed by a corresponding “humor.” |
| Volpone | English play by Ben Jonson in 1605. Each character in this play is based on an animal archetype |
| The Duchess of Malfi | English play by John Webster in 1613. The play follows the widowed Duchess, who loves Antonio Bologna, a good-hearted nobleman below her station. Her twin brother Ferdinand denounces her affection for Antonio out of incestuous envy. |
| All for Love | English play by John Dryden in 1677. Dryden wrote that he “professed to imitate the divine Shakespeare” in this play, which retells the story of the Roman leader Mark Antony and the Egyptian queen Cleopatra. |
| The Way of the World | English play by William Congreve in 1700. The play's complex plot (typical of Restoration comedy) concerns Mirabell and Millimant, two lovers who wish to marry. |
| She Stoops to Conquer | English play by Oliver Goldsmith in 1773. In this comedy, a wealthy gentleman’s son named Charles Marlow is sent to visit the country home of Mr. Hardcastle, who has a beautiful daughter named Kate |
| The Rivals | English play by Richard Brinsley Sheridan in 1775. The play is a satire on manners and courtship. The play’s heroine is Lydia Languish, a wealthy heiress who loves reading novels, and who wants her own life to imitate the tropes of romantic fiction. |
| Louis XIV | 1643-1715. House of Bourbon. Absolute monarchy. Sun King. |
| Louis XIII | 1610-1643. House of Bourbon. Reigned during Thirty Years War. |
| Francis IV | 1515-1547. House of Valois. His rivalry with Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire was his doom. |
| Henry IV | 1589-1610. Founder of the house of Bourbon. He renounced Protestantism and accepted Catholicism in order to enter Paris and become king. He erased the national debt and removed much of the religious strife with the Edict of Nantes (1598). |
| Phillip II | 1179-1223. House of Capet. The first of the great Capetian kings of France. He won back Normandy and Brittany. He also took part in the famous Third Crusade |
| Charles VIII | 1483-1498. House of Valois. His short reign is remarkable for the enormous cost in men and money of his Italian campaign. He died before he could absolve his disastrous first campaign with another. |
| Louis IX | 1226-1270. House of Capet. He led the Seventh Crusade that ended in military disaster. He negotiated a peace with England. He stabilized the French currency and is generally held to have reduced corruption in the kingdom. |
| Louis VIII | 1223-1226. House of Capet. Though he reigned for only three years, his contributions to the rise of French power were enormous.He captured territories from England and established the system of land grants. |
| Charles V | 1364-1380. House of Capet. Son of John II. Restructured the collection of taxes while leading France's recovery from the devastation of the early period of the Hundred Years' War. |
| Henry III | 1574-1589. House of Valois. Reigned during the Wars of Religion that pitted Catholics against Huguenots. Last of the Valois line. Assassinated. |
| Henry Clay | This Secretary of State helped negotiate the “corrupt bargain” that led to John Quincy Adams winning the House vote that decided the presidency in 1824. He lost presidential elections as a Whig candidate three times. served 1825–1829 |
| Daniel Webster | This Secretary of State negotiated the treaty that defined the border between Maine and New Brunswick. (served 1841–1843 under Presidents Harrison and Tyler then again from 1850–1852 under President Fillmore) |
| William H. Seward | This Secretary of State survived an assassination attempt the night Lincoln was shot and purchased Alaska. (served 1861–1869 under Presidents Lincoln and Johnson) |
| John Hay | This Secretary of State negotiated the 1898 Treaty of Paris that ended the Spanish-American War and established the “open door policy” w/ China. He also negotiated the establishment of the Panama Canal. (served 1898–1905 under McKinley and Roosevelt) |
| Elihu Root | This Secretary of State won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1912 for attempting to bring nations together for arbitration and cooperative agreements. He moved the consular service under the umbrella of the civil service. (served 1905–1909 under T. Roosevelt) |
| Cordell Hull | Known as “Father of the United Nations,” this Secretary of State was a Nobel Peace Prize recipient in 1945 for his work in founding that organization. (served 1933–1944 under FDR) |
| George Marshall | This Secretary of State created a plan to help Europe recover after World War II and after he left his post, he became president of the American Red Cross. (served 1947–1949 under Truman) |
| Dean Acheson | This Secretary of State is known primarily for developing the policy of containment and the creation of NATO in 1949. His autobiography "Present at the Creation" is a major source for Cold War historians. (served 1949–1953 under Truman) |
| Henry Kissinger | This Secretary of State won the Nobel Peace Prize in '73 for the negotiation of Paris Peace Accords and ceasefires that ended the Vietnam War. (served 1973–1977 under Nixon and Ford) |
| John Kerry | This Secretary of State was a former Senator from Massachusetts — spending the majority of his time as the junior senator to Ted Kennedy — and chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. (serving since 2014 under Obama) |
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