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SS 2
Absolutism & Enlightenment Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| deism | The belief in a God who created the universe and then abandoned it, assuming no control over it |
| Absolutism (absolute monarch) | Royal ruler with absolute, or complete, authority over the government and people in his or her kingdom |
| King Louis XIV | The king of France in the 1600s and 1700s |
| Divine Right of Kings | The king’s authority came directly from God, and was therefore divine |
| Enlightenment | A revolution in thought characterized by reliance on reason and experience rather than on religious thinking |
| Age of Reason | Time during the 1700s when Enlightenment ideas were the leading ideas in Europe |
| John Locke | An English philosopher that saidnatural laws govern human behavior and government should be based on these natural laws |
| Natural Rights | Rights that belonged to all human beings from birth – right to life, liberty, and own property |
| Philosophes | A group of French thinkers and scientists who believed ideas of the Enlightenment could be used to reform and improve government and society |
| Jean Jacques Rousseau | Wrote The Social Contract and argued that governments should express the will of the people and put few limits on people’s behavior |
| Baron de Montesquieu | A French aristocrat and lawyer who thought that separating the powers of government would guard against one part of government from becoming too powerful |
| Thomas Hobbes | Argued in his book, Leviathan, that the best government was one in which the ruler had absolute power |
| English Civil War | The military clash between forces loyal to King Charles I and the forces of Parliament that overthrew the monarchy |
| House of Stuart | A series of English monarchs that ruled England, Scotland & Ireland since the 1200s |
| Parliament | The highest body of legislature in England that had been advising monarchy since the 1200s |
| Oliver Cromwell | A skilled general who led the military forces of Parliament against King Charles I |
| constitutional monarchy | The powers of the king or queen are restricted to those granted under the constitution and laws of the nation |
| Glorious Revolution | The bloodless overthrow of James II in England by William and Mary in 1688 |
Created by:
Coco pannell
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