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Spatial Areas
Spatial Areas of Planning - AICP
Question | Answer |
---|---|
National Planning | Focus of Fed Programs - Fed Housing (HUD)Fed Transportation (FHWA, FTA) Fed Environmental (Army Corps of Engg) |
Multistate Planning | Across state boundaries- Environmental and Transportation eg. Tenessee Valley Authority ... multi-state planning (flood management, electricity) |
TEA 21 | Funding for multi-state corridor planning |
State Planning | Flood plainEnvironmental Protection Dillon's rule |
First to introduce mandatory Statewide Planning | Hawaii |
Statewide Growth Management Plan | Maryland |
Dillon's Rule State | Idaho, Maryland and Michigan |
Home Rule State | Oregon,New Jersey, Massachusetts, Only Chartered Cities in CA |
Sub-state Planning | Parks, Environmental, Transportationeg. Silicon Valley - economic sub-state area |
County Planning | County-Multi-jurisdictionalHazard Mitigation Growth Management Intergovernmnetal Coop |
Urban Planning | Mostly City focus - Redevelopment/Infill, Traffic Management, Poverty and Heat Island |
Urban Heat Island | An urban heat island (UHI) is a metropolitan area which is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas. advantages - less chance of tornadoesdisadvantages - hotter cities |
Suburban Planning | Foreclosure, Sprawl, Connectivity, Infrastructure |
Placemaking | Converting suburbs into 'places' ... building a sense of community |
Rural Planning | Access to InfrastructureFarm EconomicsSmall Town CharacterSocial and health services |
Corridor Planning | Corridor Transportation PlanningNational Corridor PlanningScenic Corridor PlanningGreenway/Blueway Planning |
Issues in Corridor Planning | ConnectivitySafetyParkingDesign |
SAFETEA-LU | Safe Accountable Flexible Eficient Transportation Equity Act - A Legacy for Users Grant program for corridor planning |
Proposed I-69(NAFTA Super Highway) | Brownsville to CanadaTrans-Tex Corridor (initiative out of NAFTA) |
National Scenic Byway Program 1992 | Preserve the quality of scenic corridorsUS-1, Elvis Priestly Scenic Hwy (Tenessee to Mississippi) |
Neighborhood | Neighborhood Unit Concept (Clarence Perry)- 1 mile square area- Arterial roads running on the four sides- Retail, Housing, School and Park- eg. Amarillo, Texas |
Waterfront Planning | Water AccessibiltyEnvironmental conditionsHazard mitigationEconomic viability |
Clean Water Act | 1972 Major amendments -Clean Water Act of 1977 -Water Quality Act of 1987 |
Historic Districts | National Register DistrictsState Level Districts |
National Historic Act | 1966, last amended in 2006The National Register of Historic Places, overseen by the National Park Service |
Downtown Planning (similar to Urban Planning) | Traffic CirculationDowntown Housing and RetailBusiness Improvement Districts |
Business Improvement Districts | Property owners agree to a tax rate in exchange for certain enhancement of services, facilities etc. (police patrol, street cleaning etc.) |
Special Assessment District (SAD)vs.Business Improvement District (BID)vs. Special District (SD) | BID: agree on increase of tax rate SAD: one time increase in property tax associated with the cost of a one-time improvement SD: Isolated taxing unit eg. Fire Improvement Dist leving increase in taxes for special fire services in certain areas |
Consolidated Plan | Required by the US Dept. of Housing for Block Grant Funding |
Who is primarily responsible for Flood Control projects? | Planning is done at the National Level US Army Corps of Eng. is responsible for flood control projects. |
MPO vs. COG | MPO: transportation only, can be a COG (SCAG, SANDAG) COG: can be part of an MPO, can be a city govt. that serves the region in that role, responsible for regional planning issues (solid waste planning, reg. water, growth mngnt etc.) - started 1950 |
Community Development Corporation (CDC) | Non-profit org. that have specific purpose (eg. comm. housing) - eligible for low - income housing tax credits and other fed programs - geog. specific |