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Chapter 10:Chemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The kinetic-molecular theory of gases assumes that the particles of an ideal gas are separted by great distances. This implies that the gas particles are considered to have no definite: | volume |
| Under which conditions does a real gas behave very much like an ideal gas? | High temperaturee and low pressure |
| If a gas and a liquid are at the same temperature and pressure, diffusion occurs much faster in the gas because: | the particles move fster in a gas and there is a greater distance |
| If the particles in a sample of matter are attracted to each other but can move past each other easily, the matter is a: | Liquid |
| According to the equation for the kinetic energy of a moving object, which gas would have the lowest average velocity, assuming all gases are at the same temperature? | O3 |
| Which factor is the most important in determining the average kinetic energy of gas particles? | temperature |
| Which gas is most likely to deviate from ideal behavior? | NH3 |
| What is likely to happen to a mixture of water and rubbing alcohol in an open flaskas temperature is increased while pressure stays the same? | rubbing alcohol will evaporate faster |
| Sublimination involves changing from a | solid to gas |
| Which characteristics accounts for the fluidity of gases and liquids? | particle mobility |
| Liquids and solids are much denser than gases because the particles of liquids and solids have a | closer arrangement |
| An increase in pressure exerted on a liquid does not compress the liquid as much as the same increase in pressure compress a gas because: | particles are more closely packed in liquids |
| The separation process of paper chromatography can be explained by | capillary action |
| when there is a small decrease in temperature, the average kinetic energy of the particles of a liquid: | decreases |
| The movements of particles in solids can be bet described as | vibrational |
| Amorphous solids behave like liquids at certain temeratures because of their: | random arrangement |
| Covalent molecular crystals have very low melting point, while covalent network crystals have very high melting point because | the forces that hold the molecules together in molecular crystals are weaker than those that holddd molecules or atoms together in network crystals. |
| Which of tthe folowing is true for the melting and freezing points of a pure substance? | The melting point is the same as the freezing point. |
| In general, ionic compounds have: | high boiling poitns and high melting points. |
| Water has an unusually high molar enthalpy of vaporization because of its | hydrogen bonding |
| A solid's molar enthalpy of fusion is the energy that is: | absorbed when a solid melts |
| One mole of benzene vapor condenses at its boiling point. The amount of energy realsed by benzene as it completely condenses is known as molar | enthalpy of vaporization |
| A sample of carbon dioxidee gas is in equilibrium with solid dry ice. If the temperature of the system increases | vapor pressure increases |
| A phase diagram relates the states of matter, pressure, and | temperature |
| On a phase diagram, the point at which all equilibrium lines join is the | triple point |
| According to the kinetic-molecular theory, particles of an ideal gas | attract each other but do not collide |
| According to the equation KE=1/2mv^2, is hydrogenmolecules and oxygen molecules are at the same temperture, hydrogen molecules have | higher average speed |
| Liquids diffuse more slowly than gases beacause | liquids cannot be compressed |
| When heated, a pure crystalline solid will | exhibit a sharply defined melting temperature |
| When energy as heat is applied to a liquid-vapor system at equilibrium, a new equilibrium state will have | equal amounts of liquid and vapor |
| If water molecules were nonpolar water would probably | be a gas at room temperature |
| As atmospheric pressure on the surface of a liquid decreases, its boiling point | decreases |
| _______ describes the properties of solids, liquids, and gases in terms of the motion of particles | pressure |
| The process by which gas particles under pressure flow through a tiny opening called ___ | temperature |
| The spontaneous mixing of the particles of two substances cased by their random motion is called ___ | 760 mm |
| If kinetic energy is neither lost nor gained, a collision is called | V'P'=VP |
| Because liquids and gases flow, they are called | Kinetic-molecular theory |
| The force that tends to pull a liquid's surface together and minimize its surface area is | effusion |
| particles are arranged randomly in a(n) ______ solid. | ideal gas |
| The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with it's corresponding liquid at a given temperature is its | diffusion |
| the amount of energy required to melt 1 mol of a solid at its melting point is its | pressure |
| The smallest portion of a crystal lattice that shows the 3d pattern of the entire lattice is its | newton |
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Paigey1324