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Ch. 4- pg. 76-93
Mesopotamia
Question | Answer |
---|---|
fine particles of fertile soil left behind when the rivers flooded | silt |
a system that supplies dry land with water through ditches, pipes, or streams | irrigation |
a person who uses cuneiform to copy or write out documents; often a record keeper; very few people had this job | scribe |
world's first system of writing developed by the Sumerians; used wedge-shaped marks made in soft clay; used for keeping records | cuneiform |
a city that governs itself and its surrounding territory; independent; surrounded by mud walls and a gate | city-state |
a pyramid-shaped structure with a temple at the top; used for religious ceremonies; located in the center of a city-state | ziggurat |
a belief in more than one god; Sumerians believed the gods controlled EVERYTHING | polytheism |
a long poem that records the deeds of a legendary or real hero; the oldest one is about a hero called Gilgamesh | epic |
a group of lands controlled by one ruler; Sargon created the first one | empire |
a set of official laws | code |
a forced payment made to a ruler as a sign of surrender | tribute |
a political district within a larger country or empire; Assyrian kings created them to make ruling a large area easier | province |
a group of merchants traveling together for safety, usually with a large number of camels | caravan |
a person who studies planets and stars; the Chaldean ones mapped the stars, planets, and moon phases and also invented the first sundials and the seven-day week | astronomer |
an area of land that has geographic features that set it apart from other areas | region |
king that united the city-states of Sumer to create the first empire | King Sargon |
King of Babylon who created a code of law | King Hammurabi |
the modern country where Mesopotamia would be located today | Iraq |
epic poems written about this legendary hero | Gilgamesh |
the Chaldean king who rebuilt Babylon | Nebuchadnezzar |
the "land between the rivers" | Mesopotamia |
a group of people who had a large and powerful army; they won battles because of their iron weapons | Assyrians |
the amount that is left over after a need has been met; Mesopotamians were able to trade because of it | surplus |
a system that divides people into classes based on the jobs they perform; highest rank at the top; lowest rank at the bottom | social classes |
a monotheism religion that was made up of Israelites | Judaism |
belief in one God | monotheism |
messenger sent by God to share his word with people | prophet |
an agreement with God | covenant |
a set of laws that God wanted the Israelites to follow | Ten Commandments |