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Chapter 1-2
Elements and Principles
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Entity Principle | the business is assumed to be separate from the owner and other businesses, and its records should be kept on this basis. |
Going Concern Principle | the life of the business is assumed to be continuous, and its records are kept on that basis. |
Reporting Period Principle | the life of the business must be divided into periods of time to allow reports to be prepared; these accounting reports should reflect the Reporting Period in which a transaction occurs. |
Historical Cost Principle | the recording of a transaction at its original cost or value, as this value is verifiable by reference to the source document |
Conservatism Principle | losses should be recorded when probable but gains should only be recorded when certain, so that liabilities and expenses are not understated and assets and revenues are not overstated |
Consistency Principle | accounting methods should be applied in a consistent manner to ensure that reports are comparable between periods |
Monetary unit Principle | all items must be recorded and reported in a common unit of measurement; that is, Australian dollars |
Relevance | accounting reports should include all information that is useful for decision-making |
Reliability | accounting reports should contain information that is accurate, and free from bias or error |
Comparability | accounting reports should be able to be compared over time |
Understandability | accounting reports should be presented in a manner that makes it easy for them to be understood by the user |