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Neuro final
Neuro final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anterior cerebral artery | Supplies: superior border of frontal & parietal lobes Deficits: contralateral weakness & sensory loss, mostly LE, incontinence, aphasia, apraxia |
| Middle cerebral artery | Supplies: surface of cerebral hemispheres and DEEP frontal & parietal Deficits: contralateral sensory loss & weakness face & UE Homonymous Hemianopia Most common stroke |
| Vertebrobasilar | Supplies: brain stem & cerebellum Deficits: cranial nerve involvement Diplopia, dysphagia, dysarthria, deafness, ataxia, equilibrium, locked in syndrome |
| Posterior cerebral artery | Contralateral sensory loss, memory loss, Homonymous Hemianopia, cortical blindness |
| Spinothalmic tract | Pain & temperature |
| Cerebral deficits | Contralateral |
| Cerebellum imparments | Ipsilateral impairment, Fine tuning movement, RAM, Posture & balance |
| Clonus | When put on stretch limb bounces, count #, UMN sign |
| Decorticate | Flexed UE, Extended LE |
| Decerebrate | Extended UE & LE |
| Hypertonia | UMN, Increased tone, Spasticity, Pain increases spasticity |
| Hypotonia | LMN, Floppy |
| Berg | Elderly & CVA, <45 elev fall risk , <37 100% community fall risk, <=29 AD recommended |
| Tinetti | Balance & Gait, Max score 28, <19 high fall risk |
| TUG | CVA & Parkinson's, 30 sec impaired functional mobility, 20-30 grey area may add AD |
| Vestibulospinal tract | Ipsilateral gross postural adjustments, Facilitates extension, Inhibits flexion, If damaged- DECORTICATE |
| Rubrospinal | Originates in red nucleus, Innervates UE, Facilitates flexor, Postural adjustments , If damaged: DECEREBRATE |
| Anterior corticospinal tract & Lateral corticospinal tract | Ipsilateral movement anterior, Contralateral lateral, Controlled skilled movements of extremities, BABINSKI sign indicator of damage |
| Glasgow coma scale | 13-15 mild, 9-12 mod, <9 severe (coma) |
| Anterior cord syndrome | Ventral corticospinal (lose motor), spinothalmic (lose pain & temp), not good functional prognosis |
| Central cord syndrome | Most common of incompletely, more severe UE involvement b/c cervical tracts centrally located, spinothalmic, corticospinal & dorsal columns, some sensory- more motor |
| Cauda Equina syndrome | LMN injury, "SPINE" saddle anesthesia, pain LE, incontinence, numbness, emergency decompression |
| Charcots triad of MS | intention tremor, scanning speech, nystagmus |
| Multiple Sclerosis | progressive, UMN, demyelinating, sclerotic plaques of myelin junking up brain and spinal cord, women more than men, repeat progressive attacks, autoimmune |
| s/s multiple sclerosis | dysarthria (slurred speech), dysmetria, postural tremors, intention tremors, dysphagia (trouble swallowing) |
| Medication for spasticity | baclofen |
| factors to keep in mind while treating MS | heat sensitivity, fatigue, symptom management, fall risk, |
| ALS- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | UMN & LMN, men more than women, chronic and degenerative, does not affect cognition, fatal 3-5 years |
| s/s ALS | LMN part: weakness, heavy headed, asymmetric, atrophy, fatigue, random spontaneous twitching. UMN part: spasticity, hyperflexia, clonus, pathological reflexes |
| Stages of ALS | early- trouble ADL's middle- atrophy, WC for distances late- total dependence death from respiratory failure |
Created by:
Dannihodsdon
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