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Ecology Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Plants in temperate regions use the ________ pathway for ________ fixation. | C3; carbon |
| Salt marshes are important ecosystems that function as ______ for marine organisms, and also provide armoring for shorelines. | estuaries |
| The primary product of the calvin cycle is ______. | Glucose |
| In a lake, below the compensation depth, net _____ is greater then _____. | Respiration; photosynthesis |
| An ______ chemical is a substance produced by plants or their fungal associates to inhibit the growth of her plants or fungi. | allopathic |
| Most wetland plants have had to evolve some mechanisms to provide _____ to their roots. | Oxygen |
| _____ plants are so named because they are long lived. | Perennial |
| ______ plants are plants that complete their entire lifecycle within a year. | annual plants |
| Rubisco | enzyme involved in first major step of cellular respiration. Reaction catalyzed by rubisco. |
| Phenotypic plasticity | ability of one genotype to produce one or more phenotype when exposed to different environments |
| legume | family of plants who harbor nitrogen fixing bacteria in their roots. help cover nitrogen into something that can be used by the whole environment |
| Halophyte | salt resistant/tolerant plant who thrives and completes lifecycle in soils or waters containing a high salt concentration. |
| Photorespiration | wasteful pathway that compete with the calvin cycle. Begins when rubisco acts on oxygen instead of carbon dioxide. |
| diagram light response curve | - |
| Explain mangroves, 3 ecological roles or services they provide | live along shore line. (halophyte) ecological roles:1) shoreline protection from damaging storm and hurricane winds 2)prevent erosion by stabilizing sediment in roots 3)maintain water quality trapping sediments + pollutants |
| are plants capable of exhibiting behavior | yes, mycorrhizal networks, mechanisms to help them survive, CAM-> develop defense mechanisms to protect stored water, plants in dry enviro-> waxy cuticle, adapt to enviro by opening and closing stomata |
| list + explain roles mycorrhizal fungal networks | plants connected through fungal network, use it to warn each other to build defense against toxins, tree cut down -> send nutrients to help, sabotage other plants to increase own fitness |
| diagram Nitrogen cycle | Fixation Ammonifaction dentrification Nitrafication dentrification (----) |
| Most of the suns energy arrives in the form of | short wave radiation |
| solar energy reflected off surface and back to space by | albedo |
| the actual amount of gaseous water in a given body of air is referred to as | absolute humidity |
| solar energy in range of 400-740 nm | photosynthetically active radiation |
| the A horizon | layer of soil contains mineral soil combined with organic nutrients |
| which of the following orders of soils possess thickest O horizons | Gelisols |
| upwellings | occur when cold ocean currents collide with terrain features that force them to the surface, introducing a supply of organic matter that fuels some of the most productive oceanic ecosystems in the world |
| Xeric | habitats that are warm and dry |
| Mesic | habitats that are cold and moist |
| Adiabatic cooling | reduction of heat through change in air pressure caused by volume expansion |
| to reach age of reproduction ticks must successfully pass from the stages of ___ multiple times | diapause and questing |
| Coriolis effect | earth rotation causes weather patterns and ocean currents to deflect right in north and left in south |
| vector | agent that carries and transmits an infections pathogen to another organism |
| density dependent factors | factors whose effects onto size of the population cary with the population density |
| Recruitment | additions to population either through birth or immigration |
| clay | smallest of all particles impt microenvironment low friction easily absorbs water |
| Figure about testosterone | added testosterone increase engorgment and survival testosterone increases locomotive activity of ticks, causing them to quest and move around to different hosts |
| Lifecycle of tick | egg-larva-nymph-tick |
| aposematism | organism warns predator they are dangerous |
| mimicry | mimic no prey item |
| mullarian | share both of their warning signs |
| batesian | prey item mimics harmful item |
| browsers | eat wood |
| coprophagy | eat poop |
| reticulum | part of ruminant: where food goes before regurgitated and re digested |
| heterotherm | do both poikilothermy and homeothermy |
| super cooling | animals use to prevent ice formation in their bodies |
| nephron | part of kidney, in cortex, that helps with water conservation |
| counter-current | allows ducks to be able to swim in cold water warm blood blood in arteries Cold water veins <-heat |
| non-shivering thermogenesis | in brown adipose tissue, heat produced in electron transport chain -> instead of it producing ATP it produces heat |
| salt water fish | saltwater concentration higher outside fish-> this sucks water out of fish body (osmosis) saltwater fish excrete sodium chloride by pumping ions across special membranes in the gills |
| freshwater fish | higher salt concentration in body water moves into body salts move outward across gills to balance by absorbing and retaining salts in special cells in the gills, and by producing copious amounts of watery urine |
| there types of activity patterns | nocturnal diurnal repuscular |
| challenges associated with eating plants | different chemical composition : how to convert plant to animal -> plants low in protein and high in carbohydrates (hard to break down)-> carbohydrates locked in indigestible cellulose indigestible cellulose (bacteria and protozoa in gut) ruminants |
Created by:
fullersr19
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