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china&japan
china and japan 14th century-mid 19th century
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what were the years of the ming dynasty? | 1368-1644 |
| who commanded a rebel army and drove the mongols out of china in 1368 | hongwu |
| why did irrigation become more improved and rice production increase? | hongwu agricultural reforms |
| what was one of the greatest achievements in the field of engineering and of the ming dynasty? | the great wall |
| why did the ming dynasty last the longest? | bc the great wall held invaders off |
| which city in beijing was constructed during the ming dynasty | the forbidden city |
| why was the economy so isolated in china | the economy was growing but isolated bc the only the government traded with the outside world to minimize outside influence |
| what were the years of the qing dynasty? who founded this dynasty? | 1644-1911; Manchus (from Manchuria) |
| who did the Chinese resist that resulted in rebellions flaring up periodically for decades | the manchus |
| how did the machus earn the Chinese people respect during the qing dynasty? | upheld china's traditional confucian beliefs and made frontiers safe & restored prosperity; reduced gov expenses and lowered taxes; gained support of intellectuals by offering them gov. positions; |
| what was kanghxi (1661-1722) known for during the qing dynasty? | reduced gov expenses and lowered taxes; gained support of intellectuals by offering them gov. positions; jesuits told him of european achievements as a result from the age of exploration |
| what was trading like with china for countries who wised to do so bc of china's isolation | countries had to trade at special ports, pay tribute, and do a kowtow ritual |
| what was the kowtow ritual | ritual in which one must kneeling before the emperor and touching head to ground 9 times |
| during the qing dynasty what was culture based on? they valued ________ over creativity. what did they make? why were dramas so popular? | traditional forms; technique; pottery (high quality ceramics made from porcelain); literacy rates were low |
| what did qing dynasty dramas focus on? | chinese history and cultural heroes |
| name 4 causes for the population increase in qing dynasty. | agric. imporved irrigation and fertilizer use increased; farmers produced more food; nutrition improved leading to new crops (corn and sweet potatoes from europe); people lived longer, allowing families to expand |
| what was social structure like for the qing dynasty? | sons were favored, only they could preform religious rituals...lived under parents roof helping aging parents on farm; females not valued...many infant girls killed |
| what was the role of women like in the qing dynasty? | worked in fields, supervised children's education, managed family finances; some found jobs working as midwives or textile workers |
| what did the ruler oda nobunga want to do as a ruler (1568-1582) | eliminate enemies |
| who did nobunga's 3000 soilders crush the force of? | samurai cavalry |
| what ritual was strongly upheld under oda nobunga? | seppuku (suicide of samurai) |
| where did tokugawa shogunate defeat his rivals? whose loyalty throughout japan did he earn from this victory | at the battle of sekigahara; daimyo |
| sole ruler | shogan |
| where did tokugawa move the capitol to? he enacted policies that resulted in the rule of law overcoming the rule of the ________? | edo (later tokyo); sword |
| policy under tokugawa in which daimyo spent every other year in the capitol and the others return to their land but their family had to stay in the capitol as hostages | alternate attendance policy |
| how did shogans safely exclude both missionaries and merchants? | created the closed country policy in which sealed japan's borders (except nagasaki) |
| for over 200 years what happened to japan and its people under this policy? | created isolation for japan bc japan remained closed and citizens could not leave; countined to develope self-sufficiency |
| what was culture developement like in japan under tokugawa | traditional culture thrived...fiction began...haiku...kabuki theater |
| type of poetry that presented images rather than ideals | haiku |
| place where skits were about modern life | kabuki theater |
| during tokugawa in japan who was the top rank? who was the actual ruler? landholding samurai? who comes after landholding samurai in descending order? | emperor (figurehead only); shogan (military commander); daimyo; samurai warriors, peasants and artisans, merchants |
| what was the role of women under tokugawa japan with the ruse of comercial centers? peasant wives? | women found jobs in entertainment, textile, manufaturing, and publishing; most led sheltered lives as peasant wives |
| situation brought about by improved food production during the qing dynasty | population explosion |
| first missionairy to have an impact on china | matteo ricci |
| people who invaded china in 1644 and brought about the collapse of the ming dynasty | manchus |
| country known as chins's little brother during the qing dynasty | korea |
| ruled china from 1368-1644 | ming dynasty |
| chinese leader of the rebel army that drove the mongols out of china in 1368 | hongwu |
| dynasty established by the manchus | qing dynasty |
| china's offical trade policy in the 1500s | isolationism |
| ritaul kneeling to chinese emperor | kowtow |
| first manchu emperor who ruled for 60 years | kangxi |
| chinese leader who moved the royal court to beijing | yonglo |
| chinese muslim admiral who led seven voyages of exploration | zheng he |
| what brought about the end of japan's feudal system? | civil war |
| what happened during the "warring states" period in Japanese history? | samurai seized control of old feudal states and became daimyos, the new lords of the feudal system |
| how did the new Japanese feudalism under the daimyo resemble the european feudalism? | daimyos were lords who had castles (functioned like the manors in europe); small armies of samurais on horses (like the knights); rival daimyo fought each other for land |
| how was society under the tokugawa shogunate organized? | emperor (figurehead), shogans (real leader), daimyo (lord), samurai (knight), merchants and artisans, peasants |
| why did many farmers abandon their fields and move into towns and cities? | they had the heaviest tax burden and lowest on society's ranks |
| what elements of culture thrived during the tokugawa shogunate? | traditional culture began to thrive (bc of isolation) |
| how did the introduction of Portuguese firearms into japan change the tradition of the Japanese warrior? | took awat their traditional value of the sword and they moved to muskets |
| how did Tokugawa Ieyasu react to christian missionaries coming to japan? | at first welcomed them (bc of opportunity to trade the goods the missionaries brought from europe) but then ruled christianity as root of rebellion seeing it as disrespect to traditions... followers persecuted, missionaries killed and driven out of japan |
Created by:
pokemongo2017