Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
GEO test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The average composition of the oceanic crust is thought to approximate that of ___ | Basalt |
| The average composition of the continental crust most closely approximates that of ___ | Granite |
| Pangaea is? | The name of a past super continent |
| The part of the earth that compromises 82 % of the total earth's volume is thought to contain the igneous rock peridotite, and is capable of being deformed of slowly flows? | Mantle |
| The part of the earth that is thought to be compromised of molten iron and nickel? | Outer core |
| T/F A major criticism of the continental drift hypothesis was the apparent lack of a driving mechanism | True |
| T/F Periodically, the earth's magnetic field reverses that is the north and south magnetic poles switch polarity? | True |
| T/F Rocks possessing paleo magnetism indicate the direction of the magnetic poles at the time that rocks crystallized | True |
| On what basis were the plate boundaries first established? | Past edges of the continents |
| It was learned from the deep sea drilling project that the ocean crusts are? | Oldest adjacent to the continents and youngest at the mid ocean ridges |
| In the theory of plate tectonics the energy that is though to cause the plates to move is derived from? | The earth's internal heat rising as convection currents in the mantle |
| In the plate tectonics model earth's outer shell consists of a total of ___ tectonic plates | 20 |
| Supporting evidence for the plate tectonics theory is that the sea floor is spreading at a rate of about? | 1-2 |
| The Hawaiian islands are located where the pacific plate is? | migrating over a hot spot |
| T/F Mid-oceanic ridges are the crust factories and subduction zones are the "cemeteries" of old, cold and dense oceanic crust? | True |
| An offshore area that is compromised of gently sloping continental shelf, turbidite, deep sea fans and an abyssal plain is characterized as a? | Passive continental margin |
| Active continental margin | |
| Old dense oceanic floor/plates are under the continents? | subducted |
| The earth's crust is neither created nor destroyed along? | transform fault boundaries |
| The Himalaya mtns were produced along? | convergent (continental-continental) |
| The Himalaya mtns are currently? | consists of some parts that are moving about 10 mm/yr and pushing north at 15 mm/yr |
| T/F An earthquake is the vibration of the earth produced by the rapid release of energy? | True |
| T/F S waves can travel through solids, liquids and gases. | False |
| The location of an earthquakes epicenter is calculated by using ____ recording stations and finding the intersection of the distance on a globe? | 3 |
| When an earthquake occurs, energy radiates in all directions from its source, the source inside the earth is also referred to as the? | Focus |
| An earthquake with a magnitude of 6.5 on the richter scale releases about? | 32 times more energy than one with a magnitude of 5.5 |
| The richter scale rates earthquakes intensity by determining? | The maximum motion recorded on seismic instruments |
| The amount of destruction caused by earthquake vibrations is affected by? | design of manmade structures, the intensity and duration of vibrations, the nature of the ground/surface material |
| An earthquake such as the New Madrid, MO in 1811 M=7.5 was felt over many states because? | The hard crystal rocs transmitted the waves with a high efficiency |
| The distance between a seismological recording station and the earthquake source is determined from? | Arrival times of P and S waves plotted on a graph |
| Scientific method order? | Curiosity, Observation, testing, data & measurements, retesting, hypothesis, and theory (Calling Others To Dismiss Men Reselling Her Toys) |
| Ocean crust density | 3.0 g/cm |
| Continental crust density | 2.7 g/cm |
| Upper mantle density | 3.3 g/cm |
| First evidence of continental drift | continental jigsaw puzzle |
| Second | Fossils that were found matched those that were found across the sea |
| Third | Ancient climates were shared by adjacent continents |
| Fourth | The rock structures matched on adjacent continents in the jigsaw puzzle |
| First evidence of plate tectonics | The discovery of a global oceanic ridge system |
| Second | Tectonic activity was occurring at great depths beneath deep-ocean trenches |
| Third | Sediment accumulations in the deep-ocean basins were found to be thin, not thousands of meters as predicted |
| Fourth | Dredging of the seafloor did not bring up any oceanic crust that was older than 180 million years |
| How were the Himalaya mtns formed? | By convergent boundaries that collided into each other and the denser rock went under the less dense rock and mountains continues to grow up |
| Major departure of plate tectonics from continental drift hypothesis? | Ocean crust attached to granite continent |
| Convergent boundary | 2 plates that move together |
| Divergent boundary | 2 plates that move apart |
| Transform plate | 2 plates that slide next to one another |
| Volcanic eruption happened in this order- 1) | Ash and sulfur was injected rain into the atmosphere |
| 2) | Sulfur combined with rain to form sulfuric acid and killed crops |
| 3) | Famine became a factor |
| Richter scale | Measures the magnitude and rates earthquakes intensity by determining the max motion recorded on seismic instruments |
| Mercalli Scale | Measures the amount of damage done after an earthquake occurs |
| S-waves | Travels through solids only |
| P-waves | travel through solids, liquids, and gases |
| Why an earthquake with a moderate magnitude may cause more damage than an earthquake with a higher magnitude? | An earthquake with a moderate magnitude might cause more damage b/c of the soil, the seismic waves that travel through the buildings that were built, not being up to codes and spec needed to withstand, old building, or the buildings may be on bad soil |
| Two earthquakes that happened east of the rocky mnts? | New Madrid and the Charleston, South Carolina earthquake |
| Liquefaction | areas where the unconsolidated materials such as sand are saturated with water, earthquake vibrations can generate |
| There were many > 6.0 magnitude earthquakes prior to 1906 and none until the 1989. Why? | The fault had built up so much energy when the great San Francisco earthquake happened that it released all of that energy so there was not much energy left so it had to rebuild up the energy again |
| Two observations that people reported experiencing durin earthquakes? | Stomping, loud train |
| Creep | Some fault segments exhibit a SLOW gradual movement instead of an infrequent sharp sudden movement |
| Mantle | Consists of 82% of the earth's volume, has igneous rock and peridotite |
| Outer core | made of molten iron-nickel alloy |
| Inner core | solid and made of iron as well |
| BONUS Over 20 of these are thought to be attached to the western edge of North America via plate tectonics? | Past micro-continents and island arcs |
| BONUS Is the ocean floor between north/south America and Europe/Africa flat and featureless? | No, the mid-ocean ridge was discovered and has small mountains being formed on the ocean floor |
| BONUS Tsunami | A wave that is caused from an earthquake underneath the ocean from fault boundaries. They are produced when the boundaries collide or subduct and create energy to move throughout the ocean |
Created by:
Hceveritt