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Cells Chapter 3

Genetics

TermDefinition
Lesson 1 What is heredity
trait specific characteristic that an organism can pass through its genes
genetics scientific study of heredity
fertilization the process in s**ual reproduction in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new cell
purebred an offspring from many generations that has the same form of traits
gene sequence of DNA that determines a trait and is passed from parent to offspring
allele different forms of genes
dominant allele an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present
recessive allele an allele that is hidden when the dominant allele is present
hybrid an offspring of crosses that have two different allele for traits
heredity the passing of traits
Lesson 2 Probability and heredity
punnett square A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that result from a genetic cross
phenotype An organism's physical features, visible traits
homozygous having two identical alleles for a certain gene
genotype an organism's genetic makeup or allele combos
heterozygous having two different alleles for one certain gene
probability A number that describes how likely it is that an particular event will occur
Lesson 3 Patterns of inheritance
incomplete dominance situation where one allele is not completely dominant over the other
codominance a situation where both alleles were expressed equally
multiple alleles three or more possible alleles of a gene that determine the trait.
polygenic inheritance the inheritance of traits that are controlled by two or more traits
Lesson 4 chromosomes and inheritance
meiosis The process that occurs in the formation of s** by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half.
Created by: arw201198622
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