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AICP
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Urbanized Area | urban nucleus of 50,000 or more population. must have core population density of 1,000 per sq mile and adjoining density of 500 per sq mile. In 2000 68% Americans lived in 452 urbanized areas. |
| Urban Clusters | population more than 2,500 but less than 50,000. In 2000, 11% of US population lived in 3,158 urban clusters |
| Metropolitan Statistical Area | At least one urbanized area or city of 50,000 population, total metropolitan population of 100,000 or more |
| Micropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) | has a population of more than 10,000 people and less than 50,000 people. This includes a central county and adjacent counties that have a high degree of social and economic integration as measured by commuting. |
| Consolidated MSA | made up of several PMSA's. An example is the Dallas-Fort Worth Consolidated Metropolitan Area. Dallas and Fort Worth are each primary metropolitan statistical areas. |
| Core based statistical area | at least 10,000 people |
| megalopolis | 10 million multi city many centered. In 1961, Jean Gottman published Megalopolis, a book about the 300-mile-long urban area between Boston and Washington D.C |
| census tract | 2,000 - 8,000 people optimum size 4,000 |
| census block | There are typically 400 housing units per block. |
| Minor civil division | municipality, used in 29 states |
| Census County Divisions | are used in the 21 states that do not have MCD's. |
| baby boomers | 1946 - 1964 |
| Generation X | 1965 - 1976 |
| Generation Y (aka Echo Boom or Millenials) | 1977 - 2000 |
| generation Z | beyond 2000 |
| trend population | 1900 76 million to 308 million in 2010 , 27 million in 2000s. |
| fastest growing states | Nevada 35%, Arizona 25%, Utah 24% |
| average HH size | the average household size went down from 3.1 in 1970 to 2.59 in 2010 |
| fastest growing top 10 Metropolitan areas (2000-2010) | 1. Palm Coast, Flo 2. St. George , Ut 3. Las Vegas Paradise, Nev 4. Raleigh-Cary, N Car 5. Cape Coral-Fort Myers Flo 6. Provo Orem, Uta 7. Greeley, Colo 8. Austin-Round Rock- San Marcos, Texas 9. Myrtle B- N Myrtle B-Conway,S Car 10. Bend ,OR |
| Callahan vs Carey | December 1979 New York State Supreme Court ruled City and State Coalition’s founders entered into negotiations with the City and State, 1981 Callahan v. Carey consent decree legal right to shelter for homeless individuals in New York City. |
| ACS | 2.5 % of population 1 in 40 HH aprox 3 million HH, 2006 onward every year 65,000+ population areas , for lesser population every 3/5 years data |
| Ian McHarg | Ian McHarg in design by nature illustrated these concepts of layering thematic data with various attributes. His pioneering work led to the type of environmental planning work we can visualize in GIS today |
| TIGER | Topographically Integrated Geographically Encoded Referencing map |
| Digital Aerial photography | accuracy of 0.5 foot resolution |
| Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) | show digital data about the elevation of the earth's surface as it varies across communities |
| Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) | using a laser, instead of radio waves, that is mounted in an airplane to provide detailed topographic information. |
| UrbanSim | is a simulation software program that models planning and urban development. This free software program is designed to be used by Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs). |
| CommunityViz | is a software program that allows agencies to create 3D images. This allows citizens to visualize the potential for development and redevelopment. |
| International Association for Public Participation | provides variety resources. 1. Public Participation toolbox, 2. Spectrum of Public participation |
| Design Charrette | is an intensive collaborative effort that brings together citizens, stakeholders, and staff to develop a detailed design plan for a specific area. one or more days. |
| Delphi Method | The method was created in 1944 for the U.S. Army Air Force. |
| Nominal Group Technique | ranking of options |
| Facilitation | uses a person who does not have a direct stake in the outcome of a meeting to help groups that disagree work together to solve complex problems and come to a consensus. |
| Mediation | a neutral third party facilitates discussion in a structured multi-stage process to help parties reach a satisfactory agreement. |
| public hearing | typically associated with the Planning Commission, City Council, or other governing bodies. These meetings allow formal citizen input at the end of a planning process. Hearings are typically ineffective at building public participation and consensus |
| visual preference survey | technique that can be used to assist citizens in evaluating physical images of natural and built environments. Citizens are asked to view and evaluate a wide variety of pictures depicting houses, sites, building styles, streetscapes, etc. |
| Visioning | 20-30 year plans |
| scales | 1:24,000 means that 1 inch represents 2,000 linear feet. 1:62,500 means that 1 inch represents 0.98 miles. 1:500,000 means that 1 inch equals 7.89 miles. 1:2,000,000 means that 1 inch equals 31.57 miles. |
| NEPA | National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) |
| Federal Navigation Act of 1936 | U.S. Army Corps of Engineers undertake waterway system projects when the total benefits exceed the costs of the project. |
| Cost Benefit Analysis | This analysis was originated by the French engineer Jules Dupuit in 1848 |
| Cost-effectiveness analysis | among competing projects when resources are limited, was developed by the military. The cost-effectiveness ratio is CE Ratio = (cost new strategy - cost current practice)/(effect new strategy - effect current practice). |
| Net Present Value | project's net present value is at zero and the interest rate is blank. If the calculation results in an interest rate that is greater than the available market interest rate then the project would be financially beneficial. |
| Goals Achievement Matrix | |
| Gantt Chart | 1917 by Charles Gantt |
| Linear programming | This system takes a set of decision variables within constraints and comes up with an optimum design solution. |
| Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) | The U.S. Navy developed this method 1950s Identify the specific activities and milestones; Determine the proper sequence of the activities; Construct a network diagram; Determine the critical path; Update the PERT chart as the project progresses. |
| Critical Path Method (CPM) | |
| Line-item Budgeting | |
| Planning, Programming, Budgeting Systems (PPBS) | |
| David Harvey | Social Justice in the City, book |
| Trend extraploration | project growth rate, linear/ exponential extrapolation , Gompertz curve growth s curve |
| Allocation method | proportion: step down i.e. from state to county based on percentage share, distributed housing unit method: addition of Housing units X occupancy rate X average HH size |
| Cohort survival Cohort component | Fundamental population Equation new births - deaths + net migration |
| Basic Non-Basic Economy | Basic= export sector brings outside money, local labor / national labor >1. Non Basic = recirculates outside money. |
| The Navajo tribe | The Navajo tribe holds 16 million acres across New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah. |
| Saul Alinsky | advocate of community organizing. Alinsky organized Chicagos poor in the late 1930s and 1940s. In 1946 Later he published Rules for Radicals, which provided 13 rules for community organizing. |
| 1 acre | 43560 square feet |
| Savannah | James Oglethorpe 1733 |
| William Pen | Philadelphia 1855 |
| extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ). | ETJ |
| Dedications | are gifts of land for public purposes, such as roads, parks, and utilities. |
| LBCS | land based classification standards |
| Lenexa, Kan | five-year amortization schedule for all existing facade and free-standing signs after the city passed a new sign ordinance. For temporary signs, the city provided a two-year amortization schedule. |
| Planned Unit Development (PUDs) | PUDs are typically used for large developments that include a mix of uses. A PUD applies a different set of controls to a tract of land than standard land use zoning. |
| accessory use | It is typically located on the same lot as the main use and smaller in size than the main use. Some examples of accessory uses include outside sales, outside storage, a telecommunications tower, home occupations, and a garage apartment. |
| Big-box retail | Big-box retail |
| Concentrated animal feeding operations | |
| McMansion | |
| Edge city | describes a relatively new concentration of business, shopping and entertainment outside a traditional urban area in what had recently been a suburb or rural community.1991 book by Joel Garreau |
| Triple bottom line was first coined in 1994 by John Elkington, | People Profit Planet |
| Carrying capacity | The term carrying capacity was first used in 1845 by the then US Secretary of State James Buchanan. |
| Ian McHarg | wrote about the concept of carrying capacity in his book Design with Nature. |
| (3 C's) planning process | continuing, comprehensive and cooperative |
| Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1962 | federal mandate for urban transportation planning in the U.S |
| The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act | 1991 |
| Transportation acts | Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21) Transportation Equity Act 3 (TEA3), Safe, Accountable, Flexible, and Efficient Transportation Equity Act (SAFETEA) Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21) act. |
| Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act (FAST, passed in 2015) | did not raise gas tax |
| Earth Day | April 22, 1970. |
| What is the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California | Colorado River Aqueduct. It was built between 1933 and 1941 and is owned and operated by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. It ran a water pipeline to Los Angeles |
| Silent Spring | Rachel Carson 1927 |
| The Clean Water Act | 1977, as an amendment to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 |
Created by:
rigdha