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GSE Unit 10 Test Rev
GSE Unit 10 Test Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How does the high literacy rate in Australia affect its economy and enhance the standard of living for its citizens? | Australia’s high literacy rate contributes to its economic success and promotes a high standard of living. |
| Due to the impact of the British colonization of Australia the religion and language practiced by most Australians are which of the following? | English and Christianity |
| What is a basic way citizens of a democratic nation can influence the government? | voting |
| Which type of government would most likely abolish all opposing political parties, the direct election of leaders, and free speech? | autocratic |
| In which system of government does the legislature elect the executive leader of the government? | parliamentary democracy |
| Which best describes how a parliamentary democracy differs from a presidential democracy? | The head of the government is a member of the legislature |
| You are the chief executive of your country. You came to power after your political party won a majority in the legislature.You were chosen to be the head of government by your co-workers in the legislature. Which form of government do you have? | parliamentary |
| The leader of the Parliament in countries such as Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom is called the | prime minister |
| In which system of government does the legislature elect the executive leader of the government? | parliamentary democracy |
| Australia's government power is divided between one central and several regional authorities. Name the type of government. | Federal |
| This is a form of government in which sovereign power is formally divided between a central authority and a number of constituent regions (states, colonies, or provinces) so that each region retains some management of its internal affairs. | Federal (Federation |
| This is a political system in which the legislature (parliament) selects the government - a prime minister, premier, or chancellor along with the cabinet ministers - according to party strength as expressed in elections. | Parliamentary democracy |
| This is a system of government in which a monarch is guided by a constitution whereby his/her rights, duties, and responsibilities are spelled out in written law or by custom. | Constitutional monarchy |
| Australia is an example of a ____________________. Australians elect members of parliament (MPs) to represent them both at the provincial/territorial and national levels. | Parliamentary democracy |
| Australia’s citizens entrust the selection of the country’s _________________ to the national parliament’s leading political party. | prime minister |
| Australians aged 18 and older are ___________ to vote, and there are numerous political parties to choose from. | required |
| In Australia, the _____________is considered the head of government in the executive branch, which is to say he/she is the true executive leader of the nation. | prime minister |
| Australia recognizes the ______________ as its symbolic/ceremonial head of state. | monarch of the UK |
| The interests of the British monarch are represented in Australia by a ___________, who is chosen based on the recommendation of the Australian prime minister. | governor-general |
| For a region to sustain high-quality, well-paying, in-demand jobs, and its labor force must be ______________. | literate |
| Low literacy rates typically correlate to lower___________________. | standards of living |
| In Australia, with its 99% overall literacy rate, the standard of living for the vast majority of Australians is very __________. | high |
| The economic strength of a nation is determined by measuring its _________________________, or GDP. | Gross Domestic Product |
| ____________ is the estimated total value of the all the final goods and services produced in a nation in a year’s time. In other words, it represents what a nation is worth. | GDP |
| One way to ensure a healthy and growing GDP is to invest in ____________, which is to say the relative health, education, and training of a nation’s labor force. | human capital |
| Unhealthy, poorly educated, and/or untrained workers cannot be expected to support a strong national economy, let alone obtain high-quality, well-paying, in-demand jobs. Thus, a nation’s GDP directly correlates to its level of _______________ investment. | human capital |
| ______________ measures the average annual income of citizens in a given nation. | GDP per capita |
| Another factor which can greatly impact a nation’s GDP is its level of investment in ______________ These are the factories, machinery, technology, etc. that are necessary to sustain a service or industry. | capital goods |
| A third factor which can affect a nation’s GDP is the prevalence, diversity, and management of_______________. In Australia, this includes substantial mineral wealth (e.g., coal, iron ore, gold, copper, uranium, et al) exists, as well as arable land. | natural resources |
| Although much of Australia is arid, the __________________provides underground freshwater to nearly a third of the continent. This 660,000-square mile basin is a critical natural resource. | Great Artesian Basin |
| In any given country, __________sector (i.e., government-owned) industries will maintain a nation’s GDP, but they will not typically grow it. | public |
| It is in the ___________ sector (i.e., businesses owned and operated by private citizens) that the most GDP growth occurs. | private |
| __________________are private citizens who invest their own capital resources toward the creation of a new business or industry, frequently at some financial risk. | entrepreneurs |
| The Prime Minister explains a plan for improving the economy: “Our workers must be prepared for high-tech jobs. I will give incentives to provide technology education and training for their employees.” The plan is based on the conclusion that: | An investment in human capital will increase the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) |
| The Prime Minister explains a plan for improving the economy: “Our workers must be prepared for high-tech jobs. I will give incentives to invest in new computers and wireless communications systems.” The plan is based on the conclusion that: | An investment in capital goods will increase the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) |
| In order to produce something, 4 factors are needed—natural resources , human resources , capital resources , and entrepreneurship . A class opens a popcorn stand. The stand and the popcorn popper are examples of which factor of production? | capital resources |
| The Prime Minister is explaining a plan for improving the economy: “Our economy is too dependent on imports of foreign oil. I will focus on using sources of energy we already have here in the Australia.” The plan is based on the conclusion that: | The development and use of domestic natural resources will help the Australian economy. |
| The Prime Minister is explaining a plan for improving the economy: “We must make it is easier for Australians to open small businesses. I will give tax breaks and incentives to whoever wants to ...” The plan is based on the conclusion that: | Promoting entrepreneurship will improve economic development. |
| Who were the first inhabitants of Australia? | people who migrated from Asia |
| In the late 1700s the British government used the colony of Australia as | a prison to which criminals could be sent. |
| The British colonized Australia and made a penal colony for prisoners. There are other reasons why the British colonized Australia. Why did the British use Australia as a place to send prisoners? | Australia’s remote location |
| Why did so many aborigines die from diseases after European colonization of Australia? | Europeans brought new diseases to Australia |
| Australia’s original human inhabitants, known collectively as the _____________, migrated to the continent by way of Southeast Asia around 40,000 years ago. | Aborigines |
| The ____________ adapted to Australia’s harsh environment, developing a nomadic hunter-gatherer way of life. They are credited with the invention of the earliest boomerangs, ground axes, and grindstones, as well as a primitive form of rock art. | Aborigines |
| The first European contact with Australia began in 1606, but it was not until 1770 that Captain James Cook of England claimed the continent for the __________ Crown. | British |
| The first British colony in Australia was established at Botany Bay, near present-day Sydney as a penal (_____________) colony for mostly Irish prisoners. | prison |
| Superior weaponry and the unintentional transmission of small pox to the continent meant that Aboriginal resistance to European settlement was nearly________________. | impossible |
| After the loss of its American colonies in the American Revolution, Britain began shipping its prisoners to Australia, especially to New South Wales in the southeast of the continent. Australia remained a ___________ colony until 1868. | prison |
| The Aboriginal way of life in modern Australia is markedly different from what it was prior to European contact. Once the dominant people of Australia, the Aborigines today account for less than _______ of the total population. | 3% |
| Linguistically, __________ has become the dominant language of the continent; only around 48,000 people speak an indigenous language in Australia today. | English |
| Politically, although they are protected under Australia’s constitution, ___________ peoples were not granted extensive voting rights until 1965, and were not even counted as part of the national census until 1967. | Aborigine |
| In terms of education, Aboriginal school attendance and overall literacy rates, especially in Australia’s more remote areas, remains very _____________. | poor |
| Health concerns persist among Australia’s aboriginal peoples as well. Aboriginal life expectancy is, on average, ________ years lower than for non-Aborigines. Infant mortality rates among Aboriginal women are twice that of non-Aborigines. | 10 |
| Constructed Response-Directions: Choose one of the following questions (A,B) to answer. Be sure to give a complete answer with examples and details from the unit. Be sure to write in complete sentences. | A. Why did the British colonize Australia (including the use of prisoners as colonists) and what was the impact of British colonization (including diseases and weapons) on Australia’s indigenous peoples? |
| Constructed Response-Directions: Choose one of the following questions (A,B) to answer. Be sure to give a complete answer with examples and details from the unit. Be sure to write in complete sentences. | B. What is the structure of the Australian government (federal parliamentary democracy, constitutional monarchy) and what role does the citizen have as a participant in Australia’s government? |
| Through the 1970's the Australian government removed aboriginal children from their families for cultural reprogramming. These children are now known as the: | Stolen Generations |
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