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Bio DNA mutation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is mutation | change in DNA |
| What is a mutagen | anything that causes mutation |
| are most mutations good, bad or neutral | neutral |
| what are some causes of mutations | chemicals, radiation, drugs, and alchohal |
| will a mutation in a somatic cell, will that mutation be passed on to your offspring | No you imbecile |
| what is the point in mutation | change in a single point |
| what is a substitution mutation | swapping one letter for another |
| how many amino acids are affected by substitution | one amino acid |
| if a mutation occurs in a gamete will that mutation be passed on to your offspring | Yupppers :( |
| What is a deletion mutation | the deletion of a mutation |
| how many amino acids are affected by a deletion | all after a point |
| what is an insertion mutation | adding a letter |
| how many amino acids are affected by an insertion | all after that point |
| what is a frame shift | a insertion or deletion |
| are frameshift mutations more or less dangerous than substitutions | Far more dangerous |
| what is a silent mutation | substitution of a letter |
| how many amino acids are changed in a silent mutation | none |
| what is a missense mutation | one acid changed to another amino acid |
| does the protein produced from a missense mutation function the same as the original | No |
| in a nonsense mutation the codon for a normal amino acid is changed into a codon for what | a stop codon |
| what is a genetic disorder | a change in the DNA |
| what were the three genetic disorders we discussed in class | hemophilia, tay-sachs, and Huntington's disease |
| what is a chromosomal disorder | a disorder caused by a chromosomal abnormality |
| what are the three chromosomal disorders we discussed in class | tuner syndrome, down syndrome, and klien felters syndrome |
| what is a kayotype | a chromosome chart |
| how many chromosomes do humans have normally | 46 |
| what is trisomy | when an extra chromosome gets added to a pair of chromosomes |
| how many chromosomes does a person with trisomy have | 47 instead of 46 |
| what is an example of a disorder that is trisomy | down syndrome or klienfelter syndrome |
| what is monosomy | when a chromosome is missing from a pair |
| what is an example of a disorder that is monosomy | turnersyndrome |
| how mony chromosomes does a person with monosomy have | 45 |
| what is it called when the chromosomes don't separate properly during meiosis | nondisjunction |
| what is that gratest risk factor for having a child that is trisomy or monosomy | age |
| what is genetic engineering | purposely changing DNA |
| What is Cloning | the copying of DNA |
| What was the first cloned mammal | dolly the sheep |
| why did the first cloned mammal die younger than expected | cause the sheep that the DNA was originally taken from was 6 years old |
| what is an example of a natural clone | Identical twins |
| Explain how recombinant DNA works | the taking of one organisms DNA and putting it into another organisms DNA |
| what medication do we produce from recombinant DNA | Insulin |
| what is selective breeding | breeding based on traits |
| what is an example of how we have used selective breeding | food |
| what is hybridization | combining 2 species |
| what is an example of hybridization | the liger, mule, or even the grapple |
| how much of the food that is in grocery store is genetically modified | 70-75% |
| the project that mapped out all the genes of a human was called what | the human genome project |
| give three findings that this project taught us about human genes | we have fewer genes than estimated, 99.9% of all human DNA is identical to each other, and that our DNA is very similar to many other species |
| when was this project completed | in 2003 |
| What does GMO stand for | genetically modified organisms |
| what are the main ethical issues involved with genetic research | safety and human rights |
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