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Apologia Human Body

Module 10 OYO 10.3

Endocrine GlandHormone ProducedHormone FunctionType
Hypothalamus Growth hormone releasing hormone (GH-RH) Increases the release of GH from the anterior pituitary Peptide/protein
Hypothalamus Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) Increases the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary Peptide/protein
Hypothalamus Thyroid stimulating hormone releasing hormone (TSH-RH) Increases the release of TSH from the anterior pituitary Peptide/protein
Hypothalamus Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH) Decreases the release of PRL from the anterior pituitary Peptide/protein
Anterior pituitary gland Growth hormone (GH) Stimulates growth in most tissues, regulates metabolism Peptide/protein
Anterior pituitary gland Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Increases the release of thyroxine from the thyroid Peptide/protein
Anterior pituitary gland Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Increases the release of cortisol from the adrenal glands Peptide/protein
Anterior pituitary gland Luteinizing hormone (LH) Stimulates the ovaries or testes Peptide/protein
Anterior pituitary gland Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) Stimulates the ovaries or testes Peptide/protein
Anterior pituitary gland Prolactin (PRL) Stimulates milk production Peptide/protein
Anterior pituitary gland Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) Increases the synthesis of melanin Peptide/protein
Posterior pituitary gland Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Reduces urination by increasing the amount of water retained in the blood during kidney function Peptide/protein
Posterior pituitary gland Oxytocin (OT) Increases the contractions of the uterus during birth, and also promotes the release of breast milk Peptide/protein
Thyroid gland Thyroxine Increases the metabolism rate of most cells in the body Amine
Thyroid gland Calcitonin Lowers osteoclast activity, thus decreasing levels of calcium in the blood Peptide/protein
Parathyroid glands Parathyroid hormone (PTH) Stimulates osterclast activity, stimulates the intestines to absorb calcium, andstimluates the kidneys to retain calcium, in order to raise the blood calcium level Peptide/protein
Adrenal medulla Epinephrine Increases the response of the sympathetic division of the ANS Amine
Adrenal medulla Norepinephrine Increases the response of the sympathetic division of the ANS Amine
Adrenal cortex Cortisol Increases the breakdown of protein and fat in most tissue, allowing more glucose to be used in the brain Steroid
Adrenal cortex Aldosterone Stimulates the kidneys to retain sodium from the urine Steroid
Pancreas Insulin Stimulates most cells to take in glucose, which decreases glucose levels in the blood Peptide/protein
Pancreas Glucagon Stimulates the liver to release glucose, which increases glucose levels in the blood Peptide/protein
Ovaries Estrogen Promote reproductive capabilities Steroid
Ovaries Progesterone Promote reproductive capabilities Steroid
Testes Testosterone Promote reproductive capabilities Steroid
Pineal body Serotonin Unknown Peptide/protein
Pineal body Melatonin Affects the release of GnRH by the hypothalamus, affects the sleep cycle Amine
Thymus gland Thymosin Involved in the development of the immune system Peptide/protein
Hypothalamus Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) Increases the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary Peptide/protein
Created by: q
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