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MIS Exam 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Business intelligence (BI) | provides historical, current, and predictive views of business operations and environments and gives organizations a competitive advantage in the marketplace. |
| Data | consists of raw facts and is a component of an information system. |
| database | is a collection of all relevant data organized in a series of integrated files. |
| Five Forces Model | analyzes an organization, its position in the marketplace, and how information systems could be used to make it more competitive. include buyer power, supplier power, threat of substitute products or services, threat of new entrants, and rivalry of comp. |
| Information | consists of facts that have been analyzed by the process component and is an output of an information system. |
| Information technologies | support information systems and use the Internet, computer networks, database systems, POS systems, and radio-frequency-identification (RFID) tags. |
| management information system (MIS) | is an organized integration of hardware and software technologies, data, processes, and human elements designed to produce timely, integrated, relevant, accurate, and useful information for decision-making purposes. |
| process | component of an information system generates the most useful type of information for decision making, including transaction-processing reports and models for decision analysis |
| Transaction-processing systems (TPS) | focus on data collection and processing; the major reason for using them is cost reduction. |
| Application software | can be commercial software or software developed in house and is used to perform a variety of tasks on a personal computer. |
| arithmetic logic unit (ALU) | performs arithmetic operations (+, , *, /) as well as comparison or relational operations (<, >, =); the latter are used to compare numbers. |
| central processing unit (CPU) | the heart of a computer. It is divided into two components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and the control unit. |
| computer | a machine that accepts data as input, processes data without human intervention by using stored instructions, and outputs information. |
| control unit | tells the computer what to do, such as instructing the computer which device to read or send output to |
| CPU case | also known as a computer chassis or tower. It is the enclosure containing the computer's main components |
| disk drive | a peripheral device for recording, storing, and retrieving information |
| Input devices | send data and information to the computer. Examples include keyboards and mouses |
| Main memory | stores data and information and is usually volatile; its contents are lost when electrical power is turned off. It plays a major role in a computer's performance. |
| motherboard | the main circuit board containing connectors for attaching additional boards. It contains the CPU, Basic Input/Output System (BIOS), memory, storage, interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots, and all the controllers for peripheral devices, |
| operating system (OS) | a set of programs for controlling and managing computers. It provides an interface between a computer and the user and increases computer efficiency by helping users share computer resources and by performing repetitive tasks for users. |
| output device | capable of representing information from a computer. The form of this output might be visual, audio, or digital; examples include printers, display monitors, and plotters. |
| Random access memory (RAM) | volatile memory, in which data can be read from and written to; it is also called read-write memory |
| Read-only memory (ROM) | is nonvolatile; data can not be written to ROM |
| Secondary memory | holds data when the computer is off or during the course of a program's operation. It also serves as archival storage. |
| server | a computer and all the software for managing network resources and offering services to a network |
| Computer literacy | is skill in using productivity software, such as word processors, spreadsheets, database management systems, and presentation software, as well as having a basic knowledge of hardware and software, the Internet, and collaboration tools and technologies. |
| Cultural/behavioral literacy | is the ability to adapt to one's surroundings with considerations to all others in that same environment. Goes beyond mere manners, required a recognition of empathy in interpersonal relationships. |
| Digital (reading) literacy | is the ability to make meaning with text presented in a digial environment. Includes the ability to integrate a wide-range of sources of information, including multimodal texts: animations, audio, images, videos. |
| Reading literacy | is making meaning with text (Rosenblatt). Goes beyond being able to read, requires individuals to make use of written text as opposed to just call out words. |
| Information literacy | is understanding the role of information in generating and using business intelligence. |
Created by:
H.Raja
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