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7 Hist Ch 5 BJU WS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| baillis | also known as bailiffs. These men collected taxes for the king and ensured justice in carrying out laws. |
| bank | comes from the Italian word banca meaning "bench". A place for exchanging money and issuing letters of credit |
| Black Death | similar to bubonic plague killed millions of people throughout the world. |
| cathedrals | large and impressive churches |
| Charlemagne | Sole ruler of the Frankish kingdom. Charles the Great |
| charter | a document freeing townspeople from feudal duties |
| Chaucer | English poet who wrote The Canterbury Tales, about a group of pilgrims traveling to visit the tomb of a famous religious leader in England. |
| chivalry | French word meaning "horsemen". Rules and expectations for knights |
| circuit courts | royal court with judges who heard cases in a particular province (circuit) of England. |
| Clovis | Leader of a Frankish kingdom in 481 |
| common law | Henry II developed uniform laws for all of England that overruled local laws |
| crusades | Christians traveling to the Holy Land to liberate the Holy Land from the Seljuk Turks. They were not successful. |
| Dante | Italian writer from the Middle Ages. He wrote the Divine Comedy, a poem about an imaginary journey through hell, purgatory, and paradise |
| Divine Comedy | The poem describes Dante's travels through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven |
| Edward III | English king, related to the French royal line through his mother and claimed the right to the French throne |
| flying buttresses | external supports in Gothic style that allowed cathedrals to have higher ceilings and thinner walls |
| Gothic | new style of construction which included stained-glass windows, thin walls and external supports known as flying buttresses. |
| Great Famine of 1315 | first calamity to strike large area of Europe during this period. Began with the heavy and frequent rain over much of Europe starting in 1315 |
| Greek and Arabic | writings the Crusades brought into Europe |
| Henry II | William the Conqueror's grandson. He strengthened English royal authority by expanding the use of royal courts. |
| Hugh Capet | The count of Paris. He founded a new royal line in France |
| Hundred Years' War | a series of battles between England and France from 1337 and 1453. These battles were fought to settle the issue of English control of land in France |
| Iberian Peninsula | the peninsula where present-day Spain and Portugal are located |
| indictments | Record of accusations issued by a court |
| Innocent III | Pope who led the Church at the height of its power in the Middle Ages |
| interdict | the Power of Rome to deny access to most of the sacraments of the church. Happened to Venice for refusing to persecute its citizens for religious heresy. |
| Jews | group of people accused of starting the plague |
| Joan of Arc | French peasant girl who lead them to victory. she believed that she was being directed from heaven to drive out the English. The English captured her and burned her at the stake. |
| jury | group of local citizens who would make up a list of accusations of the crimes committed and the suspected criminals |
| letter of credit | merchant left an amount of money with the banker, who gave him a letter that credited the merchant for that amount. The merchant could then travel without having to carry a large sum of money. |
| liberal arts | studies reserved for "free" men (nobility) rather than "common" men. All subjects were taught in Latin |
| Magna Carta | "Great Charter" declared the principle that the king's power over all citizens was limited. |
| manor | estate on which most people lived |
| mayor of the palace | the leading palace official |
| Medieval Warm Period | 11th century warming of the climate in Europe |
| middle class | composed of those who lived in towns and included the merchants, bankers, craftsmen, and other skilled laborers |
| papal | the power the Pope has, supreme over church and state |
| Parliament | 2 groups of advisors to the king |
| Peace of God | church decree placed church property out of bounds for fighting. |
| Phillip II | Developed a strong monarchy in France. He seized much of English-controlled land in France during the reign of King John of England. |
| pope | "papa" bishop of Rome who claims supremacy over all other Christians |
| power of the purse | The ability of Parliament to grant or withhold its approval of new taxes. This limited the king's power |
| Reconquista | the reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula |
| Roman Church | dominant church which grew in political power during the Middle Ages |
| Romanesque | Middle Ages architectural style with rounded vaults and thicks walls. |
| The Canterbury Tales | poem by Chaucer about a pilgrimage to a famous religious leader's tomb in England |
| town charter | legal document listing the privileges of the townspeople |
| Truce of God | restricted fighting to certain days of the week |
| Venice | an Italian city-state during Middle Ages on the Adriatic Sea. It had a republican government with a large navy. |
| vernacular | common spoken language |
| William the Conqueror | 1066 conquered England and laid the foundations for a strong monarchy |
Created by:
Mrs_CC
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