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hris
midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the most basic type of computer hardware infrastructure in which a computer server provides information to a client computer. | 2-tier architecture |
| Any type of computer architecture where a client computer interacts with two or more servers. One server usually maintains the database and data, while the other server managing the processing logics. | 3-tier architecture |
| referred to as power user because this person accesses more areas of the HRIS than almost any other user. Their role is to acquire as much relevant data as possible, examine it, and provide reasonable alternatives with appropriate supporting information t | analyst |
| software that delivers specific applications, such as recruiting plan, to computers in the HR department, typically through the Internet and using the HTTP. | Application server |
| A company which manages and provides software services over a wide area network | Application Service Provider (ASP) |
| is a characteristic of the entity in a relational database. For example, an employee has a name, address, phone number, education, etc. | Attributes |
| is a process used in management and particularly Human Resources Strategic Management to evaluate various aspects of their HR function, both activities and programs, usually within their own market sector. | benchmarking |
| an architecture that combines from multiple vendors. | best of breed |
| consist of a set of one or more computer programs that serves as an intermediary between the user and the DBMS while providing the ‘functions’ or ‘tasks’ that the user wants performed. | business application |
| the process when analyzing an HR system where an organization determines and documents its current and future needs. become the targets or goals that the new system will attempt to satisfy. | Business requirements |
| a term to describe the software and hardware configuration that divides a business application into two tiers, typically with the user interface and some business logic on the user’s computer, such as a PC (the client), and the database and mainstream pa | Client-server |
| Pre-written or developed software or hardware products which already exist for purchase | Commercial Off the Shelf (COTS) Software |
| this process consists of systemically working through every HR process and matching each of those to each of the integral HRIS processes. The result is an understanding o where organizational processes and the software processes mesh (fit) and where they | Configuration |
| The highest level DFD which contains the least amount of detail. It is used to represent the system, its boundary and the external entities which interact with the system | Context Level Diagram |
| the process of analyzing the current state of existing HR processes, technologies, and capabilities. Addresses the Big 3 question: Where are we at? | Current analysis |
| the modification of a software product to match specific unchangeable organizational processes or needs | Customization |
| DFD component which represents the flow of data within the system. An arrow indicates the direction of flow and the name of the flow indicates the type of data | Data Flow= |
| Graphical tool which represent the flow of data through a system and the various processes which manipulate or change the data | Data Flow Diagram (DFD)= |
| the process of transferring employee data between storage types and computer systems or software applications | Data migration= |
| involves statistically analyzing large data sets to identify recurring relationships. For example might reveal that most employees reside within a group of particular zip codes | Data mining= |
| DFD component which represents the temporary or permanent storage of data within the system. is represented with an open ended rectangle on the DFD | Data Store= |
| is a special type of database that is optimized for reporting and analysis and is the raw material for management's decision support system | Data warehouse= |
| is a set of data. Importantly it is a permanent, self descriptive store of interrelated data items that can be processed by one or more business applications | Database= |
| is a set of software applications combined with a database. The main functions are to create the database, insert, read, update, and delete database data, maintain data integrity, security, and to prevent data from being lost by providing backu | Database Management Systems= |
| are software applications that use databases, primarily data warehouses to assist senior managers and business professionals in making business decisions | Decision Support Systems= |
| System feasibility assessment tool that focuses on the financial and economic benefits and costs which a new system would bring to the organization | Economic Feasibility= |
| this term refers to the use of software and computer systems architectural principles to integrate a set of enterprise computer applications, for example, employee selection and employee compensation | Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)= |
| are a set of integrated database applications, or modules, that carry out the most common business functions including human resources, general ledger, accounts payable, accounts receivable, order management, inventory control, and customer relationship m | Enterprise Resource Planning= |
| are things like employees, jobs, promotion transactions, positions in company, etc. It includes both physical things like desks and conceptual things like bank accounts. | Entities= |
| The result is an understanding o where organizational processes and the software processes mesh (fit) and where they do not (gap) | Fit=gap= |
| A process of comparing an organization’s needs against its current capabilities so as to identify “gaps” that a new HRIS will need to fill. becomes a key input for selecting a system | Gap analysis= |
| their role is to provide expertise about what HR data are needed, how the Hr process maps should be interpreted, and what data are required for decision making. | HR Functional expert= |
| the system used to acquire, store, manipulate, analyze, retrieve, and distribute information regarding an organization’s human resources | HR Information System (HRIS) = |
| this team works with the project manager to compete the actual software implementation | Implementation team= |
| The basic hardware, software and networking infrastructure of the organization | IT Architecture= |
| a large, outdated computer system or application that is still being used, often because the cost to replace such a system is high. The cost to maintain such systems, which increases over time, is often a key driver for a new system investigation | Legacy System= |
| The first level DFD that outlines the major processes (functions) of the system, their basic sequence of these processes, the basic data stores, and the external entities which interact with the system | Level 0 Diagram= |
| this refers to a technique in computer networking to spread work between computers, network links, or CPUs, in order to get optimal resource utilization from the network. | Load balancing= |
| A model of the system which graphically illustrates what the system does, independent of any technological architecture (e.g. hardware, software, networking, etc.) | Logical Model= |
| examines an organizations information needs in light of its long-range strategy. Typically, looks beyond the present usually focusing on information needs in the future—i.e., 1, 5, and 10 years from now. | Long-range planning= |
| are software that focuses on information aimed at middle managers; 2) integrates transaction processing data by business function such as manufacturing, marketing, and human resources; and 3) and provides reporting of summarized data. | Management Reporting Systems= |
| the senior manager who is ultimately responsible for the successful completion of project. | Management sponsorship (p. 19)= |
| is a general term or any computer programming that serves to “glue together” or mediate between two separate and other already existing programs. | Middleware (p. 9)= |
| the process when analyzing an HR system where an organization determines and documents its current and future needs. These needs become the targets or goals that the new system will attempt to satisfy. | Needs analysis= |
| represent the software and hardware configuration in which databases and applications are distributed among many different computers around the world. | N-tier architectures= |
| is a capital budgeting metric that calculates the number of years required for the flow of benefits returned by an investment to equal the cost of the investment. | Payback Period= |
| A phase in the SDLC in which a new system is designed with particular focus on how the hardware, software, networking, activities, users, etc. will be implemented | Physical Design= |
| The mechanism through which the data is transformed, manipulated, created, etc. into output such as a report, a decision, etc. | Process = |
| the systematic documentation of organizational processes that directly relate to the ongoing project. | Process mapping= |
| a planning document that defines the scope of, and provides a basic “rule book” to facilitate completion of, a software implementation project. | Project charter = |
| this occurs when decisions are made to implement additional functionality beyond what was defined in the project scope. | Project creep= |
| the person chosen by an organization to be responsible for the planning, execution, and evaluation of an HRIS implementation project. | Project manager= |
| the portions of the information system that need to be completed operational to satisfy the needs of the various customers, employees, and senior management. | Project scope= |
| is a question you ask about the data stored in a database. For example, you may want to know which employees live within a specific zip code. | Query= |
| the process of implementing the right technology infrastructure and streamlining the business processes. | Reengineering= |
| data is stored in tables where each table represents one ‘entity’ in the real world and the information associated with that ‘entity’ is stored only in that table. Tables are related to each other through a common attribute or key. | Relational database= |
| are formatted presentations of data from a table, multiple tables or queries that is created as a printout or to be viewed on screen. Data displayed in a report are dynamic reflecting the latest data from the tables on which the report is based. | Reports= |
| Document that solicits potential consultants or vendors to submit proposals and bids for proposed work | Request for Proposal (RFP)= |
| It refers to a set of rules that define who can access (or it prohibited) information on specific employees; for example, a supervisor can access information on the employees in his group but not on employees under a dif | Row level security= |
| an electronic access point to an organization’s information. | Self=Service= |
| –typically, involves planning for the next year—i.e., what systems and projects fall within the immediate window for action? | Short-range planning= |
| they are partner organizations to HR functions that require certain information to complete their tasks. They provide information about vacant positions including position decrypting, job specification, desired candidate competencies, potential salary ra | Sourcing partner = |
| is usually composed of the project manager, the senior=management member who is the project sponsor, and the lead employee from each involved area (lead systems analyst, lead database administrator).are HR functional experts, whose role is | Steering committee= |
| the process early planning to examine the feasibility of a new system. A business case for change is developed, and, if favorable (e.g., return on investment is compelling) leads to the initiation of an HRIS project. | System investigation= |
| The big three questions for any HRIS=related project include: where are we at? where are we going? And, how are we going to get there? | The Big 3 = |
| it defines the communication boundary between two entities, such as a piece of software, a hardware device, or a user. | User interface= |
| Company which specializes in making or selling commercial software for purchase by other companies. In the HR context, they are the firms which sell pre-packaged software to support the various functional areas of HR. | Vendor= |
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