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Business Formula
Key Business Formulas
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Total Revenue | Selling price x quantity sold |
Total costs | Fixed costs + total variable costs |
Profit | Total revenue – total costs |
Break even output | Fixed Costs/Contribution per unit (SP – VC) |
Contribution per unit | Selling Price per unit – Variable Cost per unit |
Variable cost per unit | Total variable costs/ Number of units |
Margin of safety | Actual output – break even output |
Total contribution | CPU x quantity of units sold |
Gross Profit | Sales revenue – cost of goods sold (cost of sales) |
Costs of good sold | Opening inventory + purchases – closing inventory |
Operating Profit | Gross Profit – Expenses (overheads) |
Straight line method | Cost – residual value (resale value)/Expected life (years) |
Net current assets | Current assets - Current liabilities |
Net assets | Non current assets + net current assets – non current liabilities |
Total equity | Owners/shareholders capital + retained profit - drawings |
Fixed Costs | Total Costs – Total Variable Costs |
Total Variable Costs | Total Costs – Fixed Costs |
Retained Profit (Profit for end of year) | Net Profit – Tax and Interest |
Net Cash Flow | Total Cash In – Total Cash Out |
Closing Balance | Net Cash Flow + Opening Balance |
Selling Price | Total Revenue/Number of Units Sold |
Profit | Contribution per unit x Number sold above break even point |
Budget Variance | Actual Figure – budgeted figure |
Labour Productivity | Output per time period/Number of employees at work |
Capacity Utilisation | Actual output x 100/Maximum possible output |
Absenteeism Rate | Total Number absent per period x 100/Average number employed per period |
Labour Turnover | Total Number of employees leaving per period x 100/Average number of employees per period |
Labour Retention Rate | Total number of employees remaining per period x 100/Average number of employees per period |
Average Rate of Return | Average annual profit* x 100/Investment cost To work out Average annual Profit = Total Returns – Investment cost/Project life |
Net Present Value | NPV = Total discounted returns – investment cost |