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Rhythm & Tempo
HSC Duration - Rhythm and Tempo
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Rhythm | the patterns of long and short sounds and silences in the music |
Graphic notation | Represents the music through shapes and symbols |
semibreve | 4 beats |
minim | 2 beats |
crotchet | 1 beat |
quaver | ½ beat |
semiquaver | ¼ beat |
Rhythmic ostinato | A constantly repeated musical phrase in the same instrument or voice |
Repetition | Reiteration of a pattern, either immediately after its first statement or throughout the piece of music, as a unifying feature |
Syncopation | An emphasis in the weak or off beats |
Rhythmic motif | A rhythmic fragment that is repeated in a piece of music either immediately or throughout the piece as a unifying feature |
Imitation | A pattern that is restated by the same or a different instrument as a unifying feature |
Riff | A repeated pattern, either melodic or chordal that is usually a few bars in length and usually associated with jazz or rock music |
Accents | Stresses placed on particular notes for expression |
Anticipation | Refers to a note that is played or sung before a strong beat anticipating the phrase |
Hemiola | A pattern of syncopated beats with two beats played in the time of three or three in the time of two |
Polyrhythm | Two or more independent rhythms played simultaneously in different parts |
Cross rhythms | Conflicting rhythmic patterns played simultaneously or conflicting metre |
Diminution | A pattern that is repeated with the notes half their previous duration |
Augmentation | A pattern that is repeated with the notes double their previous duration |
Swing rhythm | A feel or groove heard in jazz, especially in swing music based on two emphasised subdivision of the beat. |
Rock beat | Heard in rock and popular music in which the rock drum pattern is usually stressed (bass drum 1&3 - snare 2 & 4, hi-hat on quavers) |
Tempo | The speed at which a piece is performed |