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Chapter 29
Social Studies study guide - HCA - Sophia Weis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Thurgood Marshall | He led the counsel (??) of NAACP members who challenged Plessy v. Ferguson in court. He helped to desegregate public schools. The court case that he was in was Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka. |
| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka | Segregation was legal in public schools, so Thurgood Marshall and his team (??) challenged this in this court case and won, making segregation in public schools illegal. |
| Montgomery bus boycott | Rosa Parks was arrested for sitting at the front of a bus so people, both white and black, refused to use the Montgomery buses for 13 months so they would lose money. After this, it was made illegal for buses to be segregated. |
| Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. | He was an important civil rights leader of the time and gave his famous “I Have A Dream” speech at the March on Washington. |
| SCLC | This was formed as a result of the montgomery bus boycotts. They coordinated civil rights protests across the south. |
| sit-in | This is a type of protest where people sit in a place and refuse to move until their demands are met |
| SNCC | an organization that helped colored students get civil rights and do the freedom rides |
| Freedom ride | protests against segregation on interstate busing in the South. The rode from dc to the south, 1961-62. Kennedy finally sent a group of federal marshals to protect the riders. the federal government issued an order integrating interstate buses |
| CORE | They helped to organize freedom rides. |
| March on Washington | On August 28, 1963 It united many groups that called for passage of civil rights laws, Martin Luther King gave his famous “I Have A Dream” speech, and President Kennedy promised support. People also rallied for more jobs for minorities. |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | This was signed into law in July. It banned segregation in public places, and also created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to prevent job discrimination. |
| Freedom Summer | In 1964, SNCC organized a voter-registration drive for Southern blacks. It brought northern college students into Mississippi to work with SNCC organizers |
| Voting Rights Act | On August 6, 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed this into law. It banned literacy tests and other laws that kept blacks from registering to vote. |
| Great Society | Johnson’s programs that helped the disenfranchised, the poor, the elderly, and women. It also included legislation to promote education, end discrimination, and protect the environment. |
| Malcolm X | He rejected the separatist ideas of the Nation of Islam and left them, but he was gunned down |
| Cesar Chávez | he decided to start a union for Mexican-American farm workers in 1962. People went on strike and boycotted produce harvested by nonunion workers. Eventually it worked and California growers signed a contract promising better pay. |
| National Congress of American Indians | This was founded in 1944 to promote the “common welfare” of Native Americans. They fought against laws getting rid of protection for their land and other assets. They protested against these policies and got them changed in 1958. |
| AIM | They protested and got more control over social programs, law enforcement, education, and rights to water, hunting, and fishing. |
| Betty Friedan | She described the problems women faced in the 60s in her book, The Feminine Mystique, which was one of the first feminist writings, and her words helped give direction to a movement for women’s liberation. In 1966, she helped to found NOW. |
| NOW | stands for the National Organization for Women. They wanted to help women get good jobs and equal pay for their work. |
| ERA | said women would have equal rights. However, it was not ratified. Some states did not ratify it because abortion could not be challenged and would be legal forever, so not enough states ratified it. |
| 1954: In the Brown v. Board of Education case, what was at issue? | The dad sued and it went to the supreme court where the court ruled that separate but equal is not good in schools. The precedent it set was that people were starting to realize that segregation was not good and ya. |
| 1954: In the Brown v. Board of Education case, what was the decision and precedent it set? | It got rid of segregation in public schools |
| 1955-56; Why did people boycott Montgomery buses? What was accomplished? | They boycotted the busses because they were segregated. |
| 1955-56; What was trying to be accomplished in the Greensboro sit-ins | Students sat at lunch counters in Greensboro, North Carolina to get more support for civil rights movements. They acted peacefully and it made television of they were acted violently against which helped rally support. |
| 1961: who participated in freedom rides? Where? What happened? | they would ride buses, sitting wherever they wanted and not being segregated, and often faced violence until interstate buses were desegregated. |
| 1964: Who participated in Freedom Summer (Mississippi Summer)? Where? What happened? | Black people and northern college students. In mississippi. They helped to add about 1,200 African-Americans to voter registration rolls. And that's the tea sis |
| What does AIM stand for? | American Indian Movement |
| What does ERA stand for? | Equal Rights Amendment |
| What does NOW stand for? | National Organization for Women |
| What does CORE stand for? | Congress Of Racial Equality |
| What does SNCC stand ? | Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee |
| What does SCLC stand for? | Southern Christian Leadership Conference. |
| Stokely Carmichael | Founder of the Black Panthers. They be hostile bois |
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