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Joints
302.3 Vet nursing joints
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are joints? | junctions between bones |
| are all joints movable? | no |
| which technical terms refer to joints? | arthro and articular |
| 3 classifications of joints | fibrous (immovable), cartilaginous (little movement), synovial (wide range of movement) |
| what is the purpose of synovial fluid? | lubrication, nutrition for articular cartilage |
| what are ligaments? | bands of fibrous connective tissue. join bone to bone |
| why do some synovial joints have thickened ligaments? | stabilisation |
| what are these thick ligaments called? | collateral ligaments |
| the stifle joint has 2 crossed ligaments, what are these called? | cranial and caudal cruciate ligaments |
| Some synovial joints contain what within the joint cavity? | intraarticular fibrocartilaginous discs or menisci |
| where are menisci found? | stifle joint and temperomandibular joint |
| what is the menisci for? | increase the range of movement of a joint and act as shock absorbers |
| what is a plane/gliding joint? (example) | sliding of one bone surface over another. (between rows of carpal and tarsal bones) |
| what is a hinge joint? (example) | movement in one plane only (elbow, stifle) |
| what is a pivot joint? (example) | peg within a ring, rotation (between atlas and axis vertebrae) |
| what is a condylar joint? (example) | convex surface in corresponding concave surface, movement in 2 planes (hock and tarsus) |
| what is a ball and socket joint? (example) | allows a great range of movement (hip, shoulder) |
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