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Chemical Texture/
Chemical Texture/ haircoloring
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Generally, keratin straightening treatments eliminate up to what percent of frizz and curl? | 95 percent |
Chemical texture procedures involve changing the structure of the hair: | both physically and chemically |
The neutralizer used with thio relaxers is usually: | hydrogen peroxide |
Which of these is NOT a component of all exothermic waves? | hydroxide relaxer |
A _____ bond is NOT a type of side bond. | peptide |
A properly processed permanent wave should break and rebuild approximately _____ percent of the hair's disulfide bonds. | 50 |
When performing a permanent wave, you should: | immediately replace towels that have become wet with solution |
The side bonds of the _____ must be broken in order to change the natural wave pattern of the hair. | cortex |
With the _____, base sections are offset from each other row by row. | bricklay permanent wrap |
An acid-balanced wave has a pH of: | 7.0 |
The sulfites used as low-pH hair relaxers are compatible with: | thio relaxers |
The basic permanent wrap is also known as a: | straight set wrap |
The measurement of the thickness or thinness of a liquid that affects how the fluid flows is: | viscosity |
Hydroxide relaxers remove one atom of sulfur from a disulfide bond, converting it into a _____ bond. | lanthionine |
Which end paper technique uses one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope? | bookend wrap |
Disulfide bonds account for about _____ of the hair's overall strength. | one-third |
Base placement is determined by the: | angle at which the hair is wrapped |
Which straightening method combines use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing? | Japanese thermal straightening |
A super-strength relaxer is recommended if the client has _____ hair. | extremely curly |
Which wrapping pattern uses pie-shaped base sections? | curvature permanent wrap |
A _____ is a conditioner with an acidic pH that conditions hair and restores the natural pH prior to shampooing. | normalizing lotion |
Peptide bonds are also known as: | end bonds |
Which type of perm should you recommend if the client has very damaged hair? | true acid wave |
What two important functions are performed by the neutralization process? | deactivating waving solution and rebuilding disulfide bonds |
The reduction reaction in permanent waving is due to the: | addition of hydrogen |
A _____ is a thio-based chemical service that reformats curly and wavy hair into looser and larger curls and waves. | soft curl permanent |
The strength of the permanent waving solution is determined primarily by the concentration of: | thio |
A pH of _____ is neutral for hair. | 5 |
The double-rod wrap technique is especially effective on _____ hair. | long |
Which type of relaxers are commonly called lye relaxers? | sodium hydroxide |
When performing a test to determine whether metallic salts are present, the hair will _____ in the solution if metallic salts are present. | lighten rapidly |
True acid waves have a pH between: | 4.5 and 7.0 |
The reduction reaction in permanent waving is due to the: | addition of hydrogen |
What is the primary benefit of ammonia-free waves? | They do not have a strong odor |
For _____ placement, the hair is wrapped at a 45-degree angle beyond perpendicular to its base section, and the rod is positioned on its base. | on base |
Chemical texture procedures involve changing the structure of the hair: | both physically and chemically |
Hydrogen bonds can be broken by: | water or heat |
When performing a perm, you should always | smell the hair after the recommended time has elapsed |
Thio relaxers use the same ATG that is used in permanent waving, but at a: | higher concentration and a higher pH |
The _____ uses zigzag partings to divide base areas. | weave technique |
Which type of hair requires a highly alkaline chemical solution? | coarse, resistant hair |
Salt bonds are broken by: | change in PH |
In permanent waving, the size of the curl is determined by the: | size of the rod |
What two important functions are performed by the neutralization process? | deactivating waving solution and rebuilding disulfide bonds |
A _____ perm wrap is wrapped perpendicular to the length of the rod, in overlapping concentric layers. | croquignole |
Hydroxide relaxers remove one atom of sulfur from a disulfide bond, converting it into a _____ bond. | lanthionine |
Overprocessed hair: | occurs when too many disulfide bonds are broken |
Cold wave is another term for a(n) _____ wave. | alkaline |
Compounds consisting of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur are: | amino acids |
When the silicone polymers and formalin in keratin-based straightening treatments are heated to high temperatures, they release: | formaldehyde gas |
In half off-base placement, the hair is wrapped at an angle of: | 90 degrees or perpendicular to the base section |
It is recommended that you apply base cream when using: | both base relaxers and no-base relaxers |
Which type of metal is NOT commonly used to form ionic compounds in metal hydroxide relaxers? | magnesium (Mg) |
Hydroxide relaxers remove one atom of sulfur from a disulfide bond, converting it into a _____ bond | lanthionine |
Which type of perm should you recommend if the client has very damaged hair? | true acid wave |
What is the active ingredient in alkaline permanents? | ammonium thioglycolate |
Which type of wave is activated by an outside heat source, such as a conventional hood-type hair dryer? | endothermic |
The application for a virgin relaxer starts _____ away from the scalp | 1/4-inch to 1/2-inch |
Which method of wrapping provides the most control over the hair ends? | double flat wrap |
What kind of waves are sulfites used in? | low PH |
The strongest of the three side bonds are: | disulfide bond |
In half off-base placement, the hair is wrapped at an angle of: | 90 degrees or perpendicular to the base section |
What is the main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions? | GMTG |
Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by _____ bonds. | peptide |
When performing a chemical hair relaxing service, it is appropriate to: | conduct periodic strand tests during the service |
Which wrapping pattern uses pre-shaped base sections? | curvature permanent wrap |
Which of these is NOT a component of all exothermic waves? | hydroxide relaxer |
the neutralizer used with thio relaxers is usually: | hydrogen peroxide |
A properly processed permanent wave should break and rebuild approximately _____ percent of the hairs disulfide bonds. | 50 |
How long is a typical soft bender rod? | 12 inches |
How long is a typical soft bender rod? | bricklay permanent wrap |
When performing a test to determine whether metallic salts are present, the hair will _____ in the solution if metallic salts are present | lighten rapidly |
Which type of hair requires a highly alkaline chemical solution? | coarse, resistant hair |
The most common type of perm rod is the: | concave rod |
The sulfites used as low-pH relaxers are compatible with: | thio relaxers |
Which end paper technique uses one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope? | bookend wrap |
The base direction can be: | horizontal, vertical, or diagonal |
Hydroxide relaxers are: | very strong alkalis |
Underprocessed hair is usually: | straighter at the scalp and curlier at the ends |
When performing a permanent wave, you should: | immediately replace towels that have become wet with solution |
the first function of thio neutralization is the: | deactivation of any remaining waving lotion |
What is used to protect the skin and scalp during hair relaxing? | base cream |
An acid-balanced wave has a pH of: | 7.0 |
Guanidine hydroxide relaxers are advertised and sold as _____ relaxers. | no-lye |
The strength of any permanent wave is based on the: | concentration of its reducing agent |
The side bonds of the _____ must be broken in order to change the natural wave pattern of the hair | cortex |
A pH of _____ is neutral for hair. | 5 |
To create a warm coppery red, you should use a _____ base color. | red-orange |
Cool tones: | |
An equal combination of the primary colors blue and red produces: | violet |
The _____ gives hair the majority of its strength and elasticity | cortex |
What type of melanin gives black and brown color to hair? | eumelanin |
Yellow blond hair can be corrected to a natural blond by adding what color filler? | violet |
A _____ is obtained by mixing equal parts of two primary colors | secondary |
Painting lightener directly onto clean, styled hair is called: | baliage also known as free- form |
The strength of a color is called: | Intensity refers to the strength of a color, |
A(n) _____ is a combination of equal parts of a prepared permanent color mixture and shampoo? | soap cap |
When the client is a brunette, to avoid unwanted brassy tones, you should not lighten more than _____ level(s) above the natural color. | two |
Permanent haircolors contain uncolored dye precursors called _____. | aniline derivatives |
Which of the following is a primary color? | yellow |
A _____ is a haircolor service that adds shine and color to the hair. | haircolor glaze |
A(n) _____ test is performed to determine how the hair will react to the color formula and how long the formula should be left on the hair. | strand test |
A _____ is an oxidizing agent that, when mixed with an oxidation haircolor, supplies the oxygen gas to develop the color molecules and create a change in natural hair color. | developer |
Which layer of the hair is sometimes absent from the hair? | medulla |
Traditional semipermanent haircolor lasts about how long? | 4 to 6 weeks |
Cool tones: | absorb more light, so they look deeper than their actual level |
When mixing permanent color using a 1:2 ratio, you should pour _____ into the bottle. | 1 ounce (30 milliliters) of color and 2 ounces (60 milliliters) of developer |
Developers have a pH between: | 2.5 & 4.5 |
The varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process is called: The varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process is called: The varying d | |
The varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process is called: The varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process is called: | contributing pigment |
A primary color and a secondary color positioned opposite each other on the color wheel are called: | complementary colors |
Demipermanent haircolor is: | mixed with a low-volume developer |
What measures the concentration and strength of hydrogen peroxide? | volume |
The technique of coloring hair strands darker than the natural hair color is called: | lowlighting |
The first step of double-process haircoloring is | pre-lightening |
Which type of hair accepts haircolor faster? | very porous |
The _____ is the outermost layer of the hair. | cuticle |
Which type of haircolor is used to match, lighten, and cover gray hair? | permanent |
The diameter of individual hair strands is referred to as hair: | texture |
The hair shaft between the scalp and hair that has been previously colored is called the: | new growth |
Pure or fundamental colors that cannot be created by combining colors are called _____ colors. | primary |
Natural tones are commonly described as: | sandy |
When using a lightener, the oxidation process occurs within which layer of the hair? | cortex |
The process of treating gray or very resistant hair for better penetration of color is called: | pre-softening |
When formulating a haircolor, you should always ask all of the following questions EXCEPT: | Which method of bleaching should be used? |
Repeated use of metallic haircolors can cause a _____ cast. | green |
What is the darkest haircolor level? | 1 |
When blue and violet are combined, they create: | blue-violet |
The strongest of the primary colors that also brings depth to any color is: | blue |
Which of these is an example of a secondary color? | orange |
A(n) _____ test is used to identify a possible allergy in a client. | patch |
Which lighteners are considered on-the-scalp lighteners? | oil and cream |
Clients who have their hair colored usually visit the salon every: | 3 to 12 weeks |
Haircoloring products used on pre-lightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors are called: | toners |
A _____ is a non-ammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair. | glaze |
Color is described as a property of objects that depends on the light they: | reflect |
How many haircolor options should you recommend during the haircolor consultation? | at least two |
The saturation, density, or concentration of color is referred to as | level |
The _____ system is used by colorists to determine the lightness or darkness of a hair color. | level |
What type of change(s) does temporary haircolor make to the hair shaft? | physical |
When using a lightener, the oxidation process occurs within which layer of the hair? | cortex |
Overlapping when applying color to new growth can result in a line of: | demarcation |
Which color should you use to balance violet tones? | yellow |
Permed, colored, chemically relaxed, and straightened hair will have what degree of porosity? | high porosity |
Mixing equal parts of a secondary color and its neighboring primary color results in a: | tertiary color |
The strength of a color is called | intensity |
A _____ is used to equalize hair porosity. | filler |