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Pharmacology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absorption | Absorption is one of the four physiological processes in pharmacokinetics where the medication moves from the site of administration into the bloodstream through systemic circulation. |
| Adverse Effect | An adverse effect is an unwanted harmful side effect of a medication. |
| Agonist | An agonist is a medication that binds to a receptor to cause a response. There can be natural or chemical agonists. |
| Antagonist | An antagonist is a medication that binds to a receptor to prevent a response, or an agonist binding to the site or causing the intended effect. |
| Bioavailability | Bioavailability is the degree or amount to which a medication reaches the site of action. Bioavailability depends on the medication's acid-base balance, circulatory system blood flow and the medication's ability of plasma protein binding. |
| Biotechnology | Biotechnology is one of the three main sources of where medications are from. It includes producing proteins from bacteria to make medications. That can include inserting a gene into the DNA of a bacterial cell to make a certain protein for the medication |
| Biotransformation | Biotransformation is a process in pharmacokinetics, where the chemical composition of a medication is changed in the liver, after system circulation for excretion by the kidneys. |
| Bolus | A bolus is a single dose of a medication or medication preparation, given at once. |
| Contraindication | Contraindications are conditions or factors listed that are reasons to not give a medication. |
| Distribution | Distribution is a process in pharmacokinetics, where after a medication has been absorbed into the bloodstream, through systemic circulation it is transported to the site of action. |
| Duration | Duration is the time between the first effects of a medication, or onset, and disappearance of the medication's effects. |
| Emulsion | An emulsion is a liquid form of a medication, where a medication is contained in a mixture of water an oil together with an emulsifier. |
| Enteral | Enteral is a type of medication administration route where the medication is taken to the gastrointestinal tract, which includes the oral medication route. |
| Excretion | Excretion is a process in pharmacokinetics, where after biotransformation by the liver medications are excreted by the kidneys and eliminated by urine. |
| Hypersensitivity | Hypersensitivity is an adverse effect from previous exposure to a medication resulting in an allergic reaction. |
| Idiosyncratic Effect | An idiosyncratic effect is when the exact mechanism of an adverse medication effect is not known. |
| Indication | Indication is the reason or purpose for giving a medication. |
| Local Effect | A local effect is when a topical medication works at the site of application. |
| Onset | Onset is the time between the administration of a medication and the first appearance of it's effects. |
| Parenteral | Parenteral includes medication administration routes other then through the gastrointestinal tract, or enteral. Parenteral medication administration routes include topical, subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Pharmacodynamics is the study of how medications effect the human body, at molecular and physiological levels. |
| Pharmacokinetics | Pharmacokinetics is the study of how the body processes medications. It includes the four physiological processes, absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and excretion. |
| Plasma Protein Binding | Plasma protein binding is when medications bind to protein in the plasma of blood. |
| Reconstituted | Reconstitution is when medications such as solid medications in powder forms are mixed with a liquid to form a solution. |
| Side Effect | A side effect is a known but unintended effect of a medication. |
| Solubility | The solubility is the ability of a medication to be absorbed. |
| Solution | A solution is a mixture of medication particles or solute dissolved in a liquid or solvent. |
| Suspension | A suspension is where solid medication particles are suspended in a liquid. |
| Synergist | A synergist is a medication that enhances the effect of another medication. |
| Systemic Effect | A systemic effect is a topical medication that effects the entire body. |
| Topical | Topical medications are a form of parenteral medication administration for application to the skin or a mucous membrane. |
| Controlled Substances | Controlled substances are medications that have the potential for abuse, they are labeled in five classes. |
| Narcotics | Narcotics are a class of medications that are pain relievers. |
| DEA | The Drug Enforcement Administration was established to set standards for handling controlled substances. |
| FDA | The Food and Drug Administration inspects the facilities where medications are made and reviews new medication applications before they are sold and administered. |
| The Joint Commission | The Joint Commission evaluates and accredits health care organizations and programs in the United States. |
| OTC | Over-the-counter is a category of medications, that do not require a prescription. |
| PDR | The Physician's Desk Reference contains information on many medications. |
| USP-NF | The United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, assigns the generic name to new medications. |
Created by:
nrgonzalez837
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