Help
Options
Dr. Amani is interested in investigating why women are more able to correctly interpret emotional expressions than men. In this case, he is most interested in the scientific goal of _____ behavior.
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Behavior is _____; mental processes are _____.
Remaining cards (87)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Pyschology
Psychology
| Dr. Amani is interested in investigating why women are more able to correctly interpret emotional expressions than men. In this case, he is most interested in the scientific goal of _____ behavior. | explaining |
| Behavior is _____; mental processes are _____. | observable/private |
| Psychology began as a science in the discipline of | philosophy. |
| Wilhelm Wundt’s approach to discovering the basic elements of mental processes is called | structuralism. |
| Psychologists who adopt a _____ approach examine behavior and mental processes through focusing on the body, especially the brain and nervous system. | biological |
| _____ believed that psychology should be about what people do, and should not concern itself with what cannot be seen, such as thoughts, feelings, and goals. | B.F Skinner |
| In his practice, Dr. Wagner stresses the role of unconscious processes and unresolved childhood conflicts that influences individuals' behavior. Dr. Wagner's belief aligns with the _____ approach to psychology. | psychodynamic |
| The _____ approach to psychology relies on concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection when explaining human behavior. | evolutionary |
| If a psychologist studies about the behavioral differences between people from two religions, he or she is most likely following the _____ approach to psychology. | socialculture |
| _____ are performed mainly by clinical psychologists when, for either practical or ethical reasons, the unique aspects of an individual’s life cannot be duplicated and tested in other individuals. | case studies |
| Which of the following theorists primarily used the structuralism approach to studying human behavior? | William Wundt |
| The _____ approach emphasizes the scientific study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants. | behavioral |
| Which of the following techniques involves an analyst unlocking a person's unconscious conflicts by talking with the individual about his or her childhood memories, dreams, thoughts, and feelings? | psychoanalysis |
| According to _____ psychologists, your brain houses a "mind" whose mental processes allow you to remember, make decisions, plan, set goals, and be creative. | cognitive |
| he explains that most people help a crying child because they choose to live by higher values such as altruism. In this scenario, Dennis’s explanation is reflective of the _____ approach to psychology. | humanistic |
| According to evolutionary psychologists | human behavior is traceable to problems early humans faced in adapting to their environments. |
| Which of the following is the first step in the scientific method? | observing some phenomenon |
| A(n) _____ is a broad idea or closely related set of ideas that attempts to explain observations and to make predictions about future observations. | Theory |
| She believes that there is a strong causal relationship between students’ frequency of study and their grades in school. In the context of psychology’s scientific method, in order to test her theory, Allie would first have to state a | Hypothesis |
| _____ provide an objective description of how variables are going to be measured and observed in a particular study. | Operational definitions |
| The somatic nervous system consists of motor nerves, whose function is to _____. | tell muscles what to do |
| The bell that rang in the hall signaled the end of class. You get up, pick up your things, and walk out the classroom door. Which kind of nerves sent the signals from your brain to your muscles to initiate your physical movements? | efferent |
| The term plasticity refers to the | brain's special capacity for modification and change. |
| _____ stress is the momentary stress that occurs in response to life experiences. | acute |
| The function of the _____ is to take messages to and from the body's internal organs, monitoring such processes as breathing, heart rate, and digestion. | autonomic nervous system |
| Which of the following essential body functions are under the control of the autonomic nervous system? | functions of the heart rate , breathing and digestion |
| Corticosteroids are | stress horomones |
| Which of the following characteristics of the nervous system best reflects the brain's ability to coordinate information from all five senses? | integration |
| Ashley, a secretary at Plato Inc., is typing on her computer, talking on the phone, and handing some papers to her colleague simultaneously. Which of the following characteristics of the nervous system is best illustrated in this scenario? | complexity |
| The _____ system is the body's electrochemical communication circuitry. | nervous |
| _____ provide support, nutritional benefits, and other functions in the nervous system. | glial cells |
| The somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system are components of the | peripheral nervous system. |
| Plasticity best reflects which of the following characteristics of the nervous system? | adaptability |
| The function of sensory nerves of the somatic nervous system is to | convey information from the skin and muscles to the CNS about conditions such as pain and temperature. |
| Normally, when a neuron is not transmitting information and a slight negative charge is present on the inside of the cell membrane, it is said to be | resting |
| Which of the following is one of the functions of the sympathetic nervous system? | fight or flight reaction |
| The brain and spinal cord make up the | central nervous system |
| Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that plays an important role in | learning and memory |
| In the context of the neural impulse, the membrane that encases the axon is called semipermeable because | fluids can sometimes flow into and out of it. |
| You are listening to a lecture. Then the bell rings in the hallway. In order to hear this stimulus, _____ nerves must carry electrochemical messages from your ears to your brain. | afferent |
| Cognitive psychology is the study of | mental processes |
| Attention, deep processing, elaboration, and the use of mental imagery are _____ processes. | encoding |
| Developmental psychologists use the term _____ to refer to a person's genes or biological inheritance. | nature |
| Why are computers considered to be an oversimplified model of the mind's processing of information? | Computer input information is pre-coded and ambiguities are removed before processing. |
| _____ are differences between individuals that stem not necessarily from their ages but from the historical period and society in which they were born and developed. | cohort effect |
| Which of the following is true with regard to the principles of behaviorism? | Understanding the causes of behavior requires looking at the environmental factors that produce them. |
| _____ is the ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time | sustained attention |
| In the context of memory processes, which of the following scenarios best illustrates the process of encoding information? | Deborah is watching a movie in the theater. |
| Your psychology assignment is to observe and list any behaviors of your relatives that indicate learning. Which of the following should be included on your list? | Your little brother whines whenever he wants something. |
| Which of the following is a difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal studies? | Cross-sectional studies assess people at one point in time, whereas longitudinal studies assess people over a long period of time |
| In the context of human development, _____ refers to the individual's environmental and social experiences. | nurture |
| Cognitive psychology studies all of the following EXCEPT | telepathy |
| Your roommate argues that computers can perform several complex tasks better and more accurately than humans. You counter her argument by mentioning that computers cannot _____, a task that only humans have the means to perform. | develop new learning goals |
| _____ refers to the process by which information gets into memory storage. | encoding |
| Learning that occurs when an organism makes a connection between two events is called | associative learning. |
| In a cross-sectional study related to developmental psychology, | a number of people are assessed at one point in time. |
| _____ refers to the retention of information or experience over time. | memory |
| Psychologists who examine learning from a behavioral perspective define learning as | the relatively stable, observable changes in a person’s actions. |
| _____ is a theory of learning that focuses solely on observable actions and responses. | Behaviorism |
| When using the computer as an analogy to explain the relationship between cognition and the brain, the brain is described as the computer's _____ and cognition is described as its _____. | hardware/software |
| The body's tendency to maintain an equilibrium, or steady state, is known as | homeostasis |
| Motivation is defined as | a process that guides us toward a goal or behavior. |
| According to psychologists, motivation involves which of the following factors? | physiological needs, thoughts, and feelings |
| Which of the following scenarios is most clearly explained by Maslow’s hierarchy? | Ezra must either walk to the closest village to get something to eat, or stay home, where he is safe. He chooses to walk to the village because he hasn’t eaten since breakfast and he is very hungry. |
| Which of the following scenarios is the best example of an incentive? | Greg wants to win the election so he puts a lot of energy into his campaign. |
| Which of the following scenarios is the best example of drive reduction? | Hamilton is thirsty so he drinks a glass of water. |
| motivation can involve what factors | social .emotional, cognitive |
| The feeling of hunger that initiates the act of opening a refrigerator for food best represents a(n) | drive. |
| According to drive reduction theory, the goal of drive reduction is | homeostasis. |
| The concept of _____ pertains to a psychological state, whereas _____ involves a physiological state. | drive/need |
| Motivated behavior is | energized, directed, and sustained |
| Which theorists introduced the theory of self-determination? | deci and ryan |
| Self-determination theory says that there are ______ basic intrinsic needs that are required for psychological growth and well-being. | 3 |
| Which of the following is NOT part of self-determination theory? | extroversion |
| The sense that we have choices and are in control of our own lives is known as | autonomy |
| _____ is a pattern of enduring, distinctive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize the way an individual adapts to the world. | Personality |
| Freud considered _____ to be the most important motivator of all human activity. | the sexual drive |
| According to Freud, the _____ operates according to the pleasure principle, whereas the _____ operates on the reality principle. | id/ego |
| According to Freud, the ego | deals with the demands of reality. |
| Which structure of personality did Freud refer to as the "it"? | id |
| Which of the following is NOT a belief of the psychodynamic perspectives of personality? | A person’s personality can be truly understood by focusing exclusively on his or her behavior. |
| Eating cookies gives Cookie Monster a great source of pleasure and satisfaction. Freud would say that his behavior reflects the fact that Cookie Monster is ruled by his | id |
| Freud thought that the human psyche is divided into | 3 parts |
| Marisa wants to go out with her boyfriend but she has a big paper to write. According to Freud, which part of her psyche will try to balance her desire to be with her boyfriend with her responsibility to do her homework? | ego |
| The element of the psyche that might make you feel guilty if you steal your little sister’s allowance is your | superego. |
| Freud developed the psychoanalytic Correct theory. | psychoanalytic |
| The id reflects the ________ principle. | pleasure |
| According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, the ego abides by the _____ principle. | ego |
Created by:
pblack0196