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APES Unit 1 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sustainability | the ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level |
| natural capital | natural resources and natural services that keep us and other species alive and support our economies |
| natural resources | materials such as air, water, and soil and energy in nature that are essential or useful to humans |
| Gross domestic product (GDP) | annual market value of all goods and services produced by all firms and organizations, foreign and domestic, operating within a country |
| per capita GDP | GDP divided by total population at midyear |
| per capita GDP PPP | measure of the amount of goods and services that a country's average citizen could buy in the US |
| perpetual resource | essentially inexhaustible resource on a human time scale because it is renewed continuously |
| renewable resource | renewable resource is a natural resource which will replenish to replace the portion depleted by usage and consumption |
| nonrenewable resource | a resource of economic value that cannot be readily replaced by natural means at a quick enough pace to keep up with consumption |
| ecological footprint | amount of biologically productive land and water needed to supply a population with the renewable resources it uses and to absorb or dispose of wastes from such resource use |
| point source pollution | a single identifiable source of air, water, thermal, noise or light pollution |
| nonpoint source pollution | pollution resulting from many diffuse sources |
| crude birth rate | childbirths per 1,000 people each year |
| crude death rate | deaths per 1000 people in a population each year |
| replacement-level fertility rate | the total fertility rate at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next, without migration |
| total fertility rate | estimate of the total number of children who will be born alive to a woman during her lifetime if she passes through all her childbearing years |
| life expectancy | the average period that a person may expect to live |
| infant mortality rate | the number of deaths under one year of age occurring among the live births in a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 live births |
| baby boomers | a person born in the years following World War II, when there was a temporary marked increase in the birth rate |
| prereproductive years | ages 10-14 |
| reproductive years | ages 14-44 |
| postreproductive years | ages 44-death |
| demographic transition stages | pre-industrial, transition, industrial, post-industrial |
| preindustrial | high birth rates, and high fluctuating death rates, low total population |
| transition | death rate falls, birth rate remains same, population starts to grow rapidly |
| industrial | birth rates start to decline, population growth slows |
| postindustrial | low birth and low death rates, population levels out or begins to decline |
Created by:
josephineadams